2026년 7월 고3 모의고사 영어 빈칸 퀴즈

People have been dumping ____ waste in areas of our neighborhood where it’s not permitted.

Some of my ____ are leaving their garbage on street corners and at bus stops.

Even though it’s illegal to leave trash in those ____ recently more and more people are doing it and the situation is getting worse.

The large buildup of garbage attracts ____ and insects, which has left the neighborhood in a disgusting state.

To fix ____ growing problem, I urge the city to strengthen management and supervision of illegal dumping in the community.

Consistent and strict oversight is desperately needed to protect the cleanliness of our ____

____ you for your time and consideration.

It was late autumn, months after Steller’s ____ had begun.

Dreadful ____ and endless hunger had drained him of strength.

The ship drifted without direction, food was gone, and Steller felt ____ body worn down by exhaustion.

There seemed no escape ____ the sea.

For a long time, he scanned all around for land to no avail, sinking into ____ with the thought that everyone on the ship might perish.

Then something appeared. ____ the rising sun, distant peaks emerged, and light angled across a vast land.

Below the light ____ green lagoons, winding paths, and living wilderness.

Unlike the empty ____ this land suggested shelter and food, with plants and fruits that could be gathered.

Steller felt ____ that they might live, letting out a long breath.

If your goal ____ superficial, you may find that your desire to achieve this goal is rooted in a place of anxiety or self­consciousness.

Moving toward a goal for the sole purpose of reducing an anxiety is something that you may want to look closely ____

Wanting to lose weight because people at work have made rude comments toward you is activating a goal ____ the wrong reasons.

This ____ why it is so important to not only home in on your goals but also why you want to achieve them.

Your goals should benefit you ____ your life in some positive way, not create an escape route away from the things or people who are hurting you.

If you are being brought down by people at work for something like your weight, then the issue is not your weight ― it is the rudeness and lack of professionalism displayed ____ your colleagues.

When you are keenly aware of your own struggles but blind to those of others, it’s easy to assume ____ missing some skill or secret that others have.

The more we describe successful people as having superhuman ____ the more everyone else looks at them and says, “I could never do that.”

Which is unfortunate, because more people would be willing to try if they ____ that those they admire are probably normal people who played the odds right.

When someone is viewed as more ____ than they are, you’re more likely to overvalue their opinion on things they have no special talent in.

Like a successful hedge fund manager’s political ____ or a politician’s investment advice.

Only when you get to know someone well do you realize the best you can do in life is to become an expert at some things while remaining unskilled ____ others ― and that’s if you’re good.

There’s an important difference between someone whose specific talent should ____ celebrated versus someone whose ideas should never be questioned.

____ the orange, throw away the peel.

____ are layers of limits around every growing plant, child, new product, technological advance, company, city, economy, and population.

Insight comes not only from recognizing which factor is limiting, but from seeing that growth itself depletes or enhances limits and therefore changes what is ____

The interplay between a growing plant and the soil, a growing company and its market, a growing economy and its resource base, is ____

Whenever one factor ceases to be limiting, growth occurs, and the growth itself changes the relative scarcity ____ factors until another becomes limiting.

To shift attention from the abundant factors to the next potential limiting factor is to gain real understanding of, and control over, ____ growth process.

Any physical entity with multiple inputs and outputs ― ____ population, a production process, an economy ― is surrounded by layers of limits.

____ the system develops, it interacts with and affects its own limits.

The growing entity and ____ limited environment together form a coevolving dynamic system.

If we reduce language to a system of symbols capable of describing a bird in terms only applicable to a bird, then almost by ____ it is no longer a language we ourselves understand.

Perfect accuracy is achieved only ____ the cost of total incomprehension.

What we have to do instead is use the language we have to ____ this gap, knowing that it is systematically impure in this way and using it as sensitively and critically as we can.

That is why we rely so much on analogy and metaphor in our ordinary descriptions and evocations of birds and why we need to be open to the larger imaginative frameworks ____ art and literature as well.

Description involves language and the language is in the end a human language, which has its own history and is ____ through with echoes and reverberations from that history and with meanings and metaphors drawn from human experience.

____ metaphors may be conscious or unconscious, dead or alive, but they are there at work.

Over hundreds of thousands of years of dwelling outside, the human organism became precisely adjusted to the characteristics of its grassy environment, so that even today, our ____ and our cognition are able to easily and efficiently process the particular features present in natural settings.

Our minds are tuned to the frequencies of the organic ____

No such evolutionary adjustment has prepared us for the much more recent emergence of the world in which we now spend almost all our time: the built environment, with its sharp lines and unforgiving textures ____ constant motion.

We’ve ____ up camp amid the high­rises and highways of our modern surroundings, but our minds are not at ease in this habitat.

The mismatch between the stimuli we evolved to process and the sights and sounds that regularly confront our senses has the effect ____ depleting our limited mental resources.

We are left worn­out, fatigued, and prone to distraction, simply as a function of the hours we spend in a setting for which we are ____ ill­equipped.

Laura Newbold Wood was an American journalist ____ biographer born in Missouri in 1911.

She wrote her first novel at ____ age of seven, and her second three years later.

Her family was sufficiently well off that she was able to ____ her studies even during the difficult years of the Great Depression.

After graduating from Vassar College ____ 1932, she began her career as a journalist and contributed to several well­known periodicals.

In 1940, she married ____ lawyer and soon turned to writing full­length nonfiction.

In 1943, her first full­length biography, Walter Reed: Doctor in Uniform, ____ published.

In 1948, she published a biography of Louis Pasteur, in which ____ detailed not only his famous achievements but lesser­known experiments.

In addition to her journalism and editorial work, Wood was active as an ____ photographer and volunteered at her children’s schools. She died in Massachusetts in 2003.

To date, the focus of much of the ____ in medicine and the health sciences has understandably been on disease processes.

Research ____ the physiological mechanisms linking mind and body has also focused primarily on the negative consequences of factors such as stress, trauma and ageing.

Whereas a large body of research exists detailing the relationship between functioning of the brain and that of systems such as the autonomic, endocrine and immune systems, most of this research has focused on negative ____

It is becoming clear that well­being and ill­being may have biological, psychological, social and spiritual causes that are only partially overlapping and attempting to understand the body during states of wellness ____ than under conditions of illness is essentially a paradigm shift in thinking.

The positive health ____ points to the intriguing possibility that the physiological mechanisms underlying thriving may be unique and may not merely mirror those underlying disease and illness.

For example, the impact of well­being on secretion patterns of such hormones as ____ serotonin and oxytocin is not just the opposite to that of stress and distress.

Distinction is valuable because it provides ____

If ____ were identical, it would be hard to have any sense of self.

Where would that self start and others ____

Differentiation helps establish a sense ____ identity.

Defining both who someone is and ____

This often plays out ____ children become young adults.

Up until ____ twelve or thirteen, children are essentially extensions of their parents.

They dress the way their parents dress them, eat what their parents cooked, and live where their ____ live.

They’re not ____ of their parents (children certainly talk back or hate particular foods), but they’ve done little to differentiate themselves.

Part of becoming an ____ though, is about defining a unique self.

____ that’s separate from one’s parents.

So teens ____

They become vegan, date bad boys or girls, and generally look bored or ____ whenever their parents pick them up from school.

Teens aren’t just trying to upset their parents (although it might seem that way); they’re trying to define themselves as unique and ____

Creating a boundary where their identity starts and their parents’ ____

Politics and economics differ radically in the way they deal with ____

For example, when it becomes clear that the fares being charged on municipal ____ are too low to permit those buses to be replaced as they wear out, the logical economic conclusion for the long run is to raise the fares.

However, a politician who opposes the fare increase as “unjustified” may gain ____ votes of bus riders at the next election.

Moreover, since all the buses are not going to wear out immediately, or even simultaneously at some ____ date, the consequences of holding down the fare will not appear all at once but will be spread out over time.

It may be some years before enough buses start breaking down and wearing out, without adequate replacements, for the bus riders to notice that there now seem to be longer waits between buses and buses do not arrive on schedule as ____ as they used to.

Of all the design disciplines it is probably architecture that has the richest, most diverse tradition for exploring ____

From paper architecture to visionary design, its long history is full of exciting and inspiring ____

There is a tension between visionary architecture, which has an outward facing social or critical agenda, and paper architecture, which, though often introspective and ____ only with architectural theory, is rarely intended to ever be built.

One of the most interesting examples to cross over from idea to reality is Peter Eisenman’s famous House VI, which prioritized formalist concerns over practicalities to an ____ extent.

The client later wrote ____ the many practical problems it had but still loved living in such a conceptual building.

The relationship between reality and unreality ____ particularly interesting in architecture because many buildings are designed to be built but remain on paper due to economic or political reasons.

House VI is unusual because ____ was intentionally an uncompromising piece of architectural art someone could nearly live in.

It was as though the owner lived inside an idea rather than a ____

In some cases, behavior and expectations can come to be aligned through mutual ____

For example, in the early days of motor vehicles, norms emerged in which everyone came to expect everyone else to drive on the right (or left) side ____ the road.

Whether drivers arrived at the collective choice to drive on the right ____ the left mattered little, so different norms emerged in different parts of the world.

The key ____ to coordinate around some norm in each area and not to deviate.

In the case of driving, deviations from the expected behavior are extremely costly, likely resulting in injury or death, so there are strong incentives to adopt a ____ and follow it, making it self­enforcing.

For early drivers, empirical expectations about what other people would do played a crucial causal role in deciding which side of the road to ____ on.

At the same time, those expectations were themselves a product of the behavior that other individuals had ____

____ causality flowed in both directions.

Predator­prey interactions must eventually end in death: one becomes dinner ____ the other starves.

In contrast, competition between members of the same species usually ____ elaborate signaling that is intended to clarify which individual is stronger before conflict escalates to the point of injury.

It is in neither the winning nor the losing ____ interest to fight over resources, as even winners get hurt in fights.

Consequently, it is in both ____ interests to determine who would win if the fight were to take place, with this determination followed immediately by deference or flight by the party destined to lose.

Only when competitors appear to be equally matched does a conflict ____ resources escalate into actual physical combat.

For this reason, competition among members of the same species rarely relies ____ actual force, as the threat of force is an obstacle to conflict.

____ conflicts are guided by the same principles as those of other animals, but the fact that warfare is so common testifies to the frequency with which the two sides are unable to agree on who would win a fight.

The ideal person, at least according to an economist, would always make ____ that will result in them gaining the most utility.

This “ideal” is called rational choice theory, which is defined as the theory ____ people will always make the choice that maximizes their own individual satisfaction when given different options under scarcity.

“Scarcity” here means that there is a limited quantity of goods ― which, since we live on a planet with finite ____ is always true in real life.

____ best choices, which are the ones that lead to the best outcomes, should therefore come from a prediction of which choice would provide the best utility.

The ideal rational decision maker would be so consistent ____ being able to carry out this process that we would be able to create a mathematical model that successfully predicts their decisions based on utility.

This would involve a complete lack of emotions, biases, or external ____

In ____ world of animal physiology, one thing is for sure: size matters.

____ environmental stresses of being a tiny animal, like a mouse, are very different from those of a large animal, such as an elephant.

It ____ comes down to a little math ― specifically, surface­to­volume ratios.

For a simple shape like a ball, ____ surface area is related to the square of its radius, while the volume is related to the cube of its radius.

It’s a bit more complicated for animal shapes, but essentially it means that our tiny friends ____ a lot more surface for their volume.

Restroom rituals are not free from being affected by the animal’s ____ ratio.

Due to their long lifespans and low ____ rates, large animals like elephants deal with the challenges of storing waste a bit longer, and the need to manage toxins effectively.

Their plumbing has evolved to be highly efficient, capable of filtering large volumes of fluids and concentrating waste in ____ that conserve water.

This is essential when roaming vast landscapes where water might be ____ luxury.

On the other hand, smaller animals are generally about speed, which means they aren’t quite as good at ____ water­saving challenge.

As forests are destroyed, we not only lose valuable habitats for countless plant and animal species, but we also contribute to climate change, diminish the Earth’s natural carbon sink, and disrupt ____ delicate balance of ecosystems.

Recognizing ____ severity of deforestation, it has become essential to employ various technologies to combat this destructive phenomenon.

In recent years, advancements in technology have offered ____ and innovative ways to tackle deforestation.

From satellite imaging to machine learning algorithms, these tools have enabled researchers, conservationists, and governmental organizations to monitor, manage, and reduce ____ on an unprecedented scale.

One of the key technologies that have revolutionized efforts against ____ is remote sensing.

Satellites equipped with high­resolution ____ can provide a bird’s­eye view of large areas to detect deforestation in real­time.

These satellite images allow experts to identify illegal logging activities, encroachments on protected lands, and areas at risk for ____

As the number of children shrinks, the total dependency ratio (that is the ____ of workers to both the elderly and to children) will be slightly positively affected.

Yes, more capital and labour will need to go into building old­age homes and staffing them, but fewer ____ will be required by nurseries and schools.

Manufacturers of children’s diapers can reallocate their plant and workers to making adults’ ―Japan supposedly already uses more of ____ latter than the former each year.

But solving the total dependency ratio by having fewer children is ____ the worst way of addressing the problem.

____ do require resources from society and don’t immediately put anything back, at least in economic terms.

But they are the workers of the ____

To invest in the care of an elderly person is ____ and morally correct.

To invest in the education and development of a young ____ is strengthening the seed corn for the future functioning of society.

____ ways in which the natural world changes over time are registered in our cultural memory.

An organization called the Snowchange Cooperative, based in northern Scandinavia, documents the ways in which native communities read ____ respond to climate change.

A Sámi woman called Gun Aira notes that a lake whose traditional name is Biehtsejávrre, or ____ of the Pines, is now entirely surrounded by birch ― a sign of changing environmental conditions.

____ this way, recognition of environmental change is encoded into native history and knowledge.

Most of us do not have access to have such extensive cultural memory banks: we are dependent upon the short attention spans ____ our contemporary knowledge­making technologies.

All too often, this blinds us ____ deeper, longer changes in the world around us.

Climate change is a clear example of this: an alteration to the world occurring at such inhuman scales of time and geography that we struggle to fit it into conventional ____ let alone respond effectively.

The arrival of digital media technology has resulted in more direct lines of feedback than had previously ____ the case in media communications.

Before the age of digital media technology, media communicators had no immediate way of knowing whether the audience ____ truly involved in the communication process.

Much of the feedback in the mass communication process was delayed ____ letters to the editor, petitions, or phone calls), indirect (e.g., revenue from sales or critical responses) or cumulative (reflecting a collective opinion).

But although ratings systems present numerical information about how many ____ watch a particular program, these ratings cannot measure whether the audience actually enjoy the program.

However, the interactive feature of digital media gives audience ____ the opportunity to respond immediately to media programming.

Indeed, programs like talent competition ____ incorporate audience response into the presentation, as viewers vote for their favorite performers.

Unlike earlier forms of media, where audience feedback ____ not direct enough to indicate genuine engagement, digital media allows an interactive environment in which audiences can respond instantly and have their responses reflected in the media content itself.

An important technical ____ came with the introduction of coinage.

Some of the earliest known coins appeared in the ancient civilization of Lydia, located in what is ____ Turkey, during the seventh­century BCE.

By contrast to raw nuggets straight from the mine or river, or even variously refined precious metal bars, coined silver and gold pieces from reputable mints enjoyed a ____ advantage:

They ____ manufactured to be uniform in weight and fineness (percentage of pure precious metal).

When coins were reliably up to standard, traders did not need to be expert testers of precious metals or ____ the cost of hiring an expert to test the pieces offered because the risk from not testing was negligible.

At most they needed ____ weigh visibly worn coins.

The evidence is not definitive, but it ____ that many of the earliest Lydian coiners were private individuals.

Perhaps they were precious metal merchants or other rich businessmen, who could more easily spend their own metals after converting irregular pieces into uniform ____ or perhaps they were metalsmiths, who had the know­how and could charge others for the service.

Since they serve the ____ of traders, it is likely that coins were already in use before political authorities established their own mints (or commandeered existing mints).

Why then would ancient kings operate their own mints ____ outlaw private competitors?

The historical record suggests that they did so mostly to have a fruitful source ____ revenue from monopoly minting fees and from debasement.

As a ____ some took advantage of the opportunity to stamp their own faces on the coins.