25년 6월 고2 모의고사 영어 변형 (30-42번)

We might forget an anecdote about a stranger because it makes few connections with our existing associations, but we won't forget a piece of gossip about ____ cousin.

There's one complex network that is larger and quicker to access than ____ others ─ the self.

We've ____ thinking about ourselves in our whole lives.

____ fact, there were entire years during junior high when we weren't capable of thinking about much else.

So if a new piece of information has ____ to do with us, it will be more easily and thoroughly processed.

It hits even closer to home than our actual home ─ we can take a ____ away from our home, but not from ourselves.

The most effective communicators find ways to make the abstract ____

Consider the warning that law ____ give to motivate first-year law students concerning the rigors of their program.

Hearing that "the first-year dropout rate is 33%" is ____ abstract statistic.

____ to your left, look to your right.

____ of the three of you won't be joining us next fall" wakes up the self.

Steve Jobs used analogy to get ____ to embrace the new technology.

Before computers, people worked in ____ physical world.

We ____ paper and pens and physical file folders and so on.

The idea of working in a virtual ____ was radically different.

Or at least seemed ____ different.

What Jobs understood was ____ a physical office was fundamentally similar to a virtual office.

To win over the masses, Jobs drew strong analogies between the traditional workplace people knew well with the new, unfamiliar ____ workplace.

In the pre-computer workplace, ____ ideas were written on paper it was called a document.

When those documents needed ____ be stored they were put in a folder.

And those folders ____ kept on a desk.

Documents, folders, and desktops are the terms we use in our virtual work because ____ Jobs understood that using familiar terms would make the new technology easier to understand.

The parallels between the ____ and virtual workplace now seem obvious.

Turtle hatchlings have, it seems, evolved to crawl ____ the light.

For millions of years this was a highly ____ and effective strategy because the light on a dark beach represented the reflection of the moon and stars on the water's surface.

Following the lights led baby ____ back home to the sea.

The problems started when humans began building beachfront ____ and sparkling hotels on the other side of the beach.

Now after hatching, turtles ____ for the brightest nearby lights were being guided straight into traffic.

Are self-destructive ____ turtles naturally irrational?

Yes, in the modern world. But there's ____ deeper truth.

Turtles are basing their decisions on ____ cues that were perfectly rational for their ancestors; these days, however, their evolved decision‐making mechanisms are being blinded by modern lights.

Sensory organs are the only channels of communication between the brain ____ the outside world.

Simply put, the brain is not designed to sense ____ its own.

For instance, an exposed brain would neither sense light ____ on it nor feel something touching it.

In fact, patients are often kept awake during brain surgery, which can help a surgeon isolate specific regions ____ the brain.

The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle recognized this characteristic of the brain over 2,000 years ____ when he said, "Nothing is in the mind that does not pass through the senses."

This ____ can be seen clearly when volunteers are blind‐folded and placed in the warm water of a sensory deprivation tank.

They soon experience visual, auditory, and tactile (touch) hallucinations, ____ well as incoherent thought patterns.

From these experiments and others, it is apparent that ____ need constant input from our senses to carry out functions that give us personality and intellect.

The writer and ____ Desmond Morris observed that our feet communicate exactly what we think and feel more honestly than any other part of our bodies.

____ are the feet and legs such accurate reflectors of our sentiments?

For millions of years, long before humans spoke, our legs and feet reacted to environmental threats (e.g., hot sand, illtempered lions) instantaneously, without the need for conscious ____

Our limbic brains made sure that our feet and legs reacted as needed by either ceasing motion, running away, ____ kicking at a potential threat.

This survival regimen, retained ____ our ancestral heritage, has served us well and continues to do so today.

In fact, these age-old reactions ____ still so hardwired in us that when we are presented with something dangerous or even disagreeable, our feet and legs still react as they did in prehistoric times.

The transition from an oral culture, in which knowledge was handed down through stories, songs, and apprenticeships, to a literate one, based on the written word, was held back for ____ by the lack of suitable writing material.

Stone and clay tablets were used, but they were prone to fracture and were bulky and heavy to ____

Wood suffers from ____ and is susceptible to decay.

____ paintings are static and space is limited.

The invention of paper, said to be one of the four ____ inventions of the Chinese, solved these problems, but it wasn't until the Romans replaced the scroll with the codex ─ or, as we call it now, the book ─ that the material reached its full potential.

That was two thousand years ago, and it is still a dominant form of the written ____

That paper, a much softer material than either stone or wood, won out as the guardian of the written word is a remarkable ____ story.

A reason for a conclusion is very unlikely to consist in a single ____

No matter how we might state it in short-hand, it is, analytically, a ____ interaction of many ideas and implications.

The reason must be broken down ____ a chain of more precise premises.

For example, the claim that 'university education should be free for all Australians' might be supported by the reason that 'the economy benefits from a well‐educated ____ population'.

But is our analysis of the situation clearly expressed in just one ____

Hardly. The conclusion is about universities and free education, while the reason introduces some new ideas: economic benefit and ____ well-educated population.

While the link between these two ideas and the conclusion might seem obvious, the purpose of reasoning is ____ avoid assuming the 'obvious' by carefully working through the connections between the various ideas in the initial statement of our reason.

____ word "migration" is almost always reported in the popular media and even in scientific literature as a problem or a crisis.

For example, migrants are assumed to overcrowd cities, ____ up labor markets, and increase poverty.

The other questionable assumption is that most migration is involuntary ─ people fleeing natural or man-made ____

The reality, however, is more complex, and many migrants are simply seeking greater economic ____

Of course migration can and does create social and economic ____

But migration can also be a solution for many preexisting ____

____ example, out-migration generally redistributes workers from places of labor surplus to areas where there is greater demand or more opportunity.

Migration is generally selective of persons who are younger, healthier, more flexible, and more willing to endure hardship in hopes of a better life relative to their prospects in their ____ of origin.

Most research that examines long‐term outcomes of migration, including remittances and intergenerational mobility, finds positive "long-term" effects on places of ____ and destination.

The big problem with money created ____ the government is that those who run the government always face the temptation to create more money and spend it.

Whether among ancient kings or modern politicians, this has happened again and again over the centuries, leading to inflation and the ____ economic and social problems that follow from inflation.

For this reason, many countries have preferred using gold, silver, or some other material that ____ inherently limited in supply, as money.

It is a way of depriving governments of the power to ____ the money supply to inflationary levels.

Gold has long been considered ideal for ____ purpose, since the supply of gold in the world usually cannot be increased rapidly.

When paper money is convertible into gold whenever the individual chooses to do so, then the money is ____ to be "backed up" by gold.

This expression ____ misleading only if we imagine that the value of the gold is somehow transferred to the paper money, when in fact the real point is that the gold simply limits the amount of paper money that can be issued.

The study of emotions and decision ____ is now of considerable importance.

This involves the ____ of various tools afforded by neuroscience.

One ____ stream of the literature examines people with brain damage and how damage to particular parts of the brain known to be responsible for particular cognitive functions impacts on decision making.

One example of this research is the work of Antonio Damasio, who finds that when the emotional part of the brain is damaged, this actually reduces ____ efficacy of decision making.

Good decisions are a product of the emotional part of the brain working in conjunction with the deliberative ____

This contradicts the assumptions of conventional economics, where emotions play a negative role in the ____ process.

Here it is assumed that decision making can ____ modeled as being generated in a stoic, unemotional fashion, and that's why decisions tend to be optimal.

But the evidence suggests that emotions actually ____ an important and, often, a positive role in decision making.

The brain's ____ part working in relation with its deliberative part enhances the effectiveness of decision making, which counters the ideas about emotions in the decision‐making process of traditional economics.

Shoppers confronted with the choice of thirty different varieties of gourmet chocolates are more likely ____ walk away without buying any, compared with when they are presented with only half a dozen choices.

If employees are given a ____ trip to Paris, they are happy.

If you ____ them a free trip to Hawaii, they are happy.

But if you offer them ____ choice between the two destinations, they are less happy, no matter what they choose.

Why might choice be ____ disruptive?

The reason is that choice forces us to ____ comparisons and acknowledge relative disadvantages.

People who choose Paris complain that it ____ have the ocean and those who choose Hawaii regret that it doesn't have the museums.

Psychologist Barry Schwartz calls this the 'tyranny of choice' because rather than ____ freedom, it actually constrains our decision‐making.

He argues that wider choice increases unhappiness because we worry that we are going to make the wrong decision and so we get stressed about trying to process all the comparisons in an ____ to get it right.

____ both increases our fear of making the wrong choice and raises expectations that we should be able to get the best choice.

Having made the choice, ____ then start to regret, wondering whether it was the right one.