25년 6월 고2 모의고사 영어 변형 (30-42번)

We might forget an anecdote about a stranger because it makes few connections with our existing associations, but we won't ____ a piece of gossip about our cousin.

There's one complex network that is larger and quicker to access than ____ others ─ the self.

We've been thinking ____ ourselves in our whole lives.

In fact, there were entire years during junior ____ when we weren't capable of thinking about much else.

So if a new piece of information has something to do with us, it will be more easily ____ thoroughly processed.

____ hits even closer to home than our actual home ─ we can take a vacation away from our home, but not from ourselves.

The most effective ____ find ways to make the abstract personal.

Consider the warning that law schools give to motivate first-year law students concerning the rigors ____ their program.

Hearing that "the first-year dropout rate ____ 33%" is an abstract statistic.

"Look to ____ left, look to your right.

One of the three of you won't ____ joining us next fall" wakes up the self.

Steve Jobs used analogy to get people to embrace the ____ technology.

Before computers, people ____ in a physical world.

We used ____ and pens and physical file folders and so on.

The idea of working in ____ virtual world was radically different.

Or at least seemed ____ different.

What Jobs understood was that a physical office was fundamentally similar ____ a virtual office.

To win over the masses, Jobs drew strong analogies between the traditional workplace people knew ____ with the new, unfamiliar virtual workplace.

In ____ pre-computer workplace, when ideas were written on paper it was called a document.

When those documents needed to be stored ____ were put in a folder.

And those folders ____ kept on a desk.

Documents, folders, and desktops are the terms we use in our virtual work because Steve ____ understood that using familiar terms would make the new technology easier to understand.

The parallels between the ____ and virtual workplace now seem obvious.

Turtle hatchlings ____ it seems, evolved to crawl toward the light.

For millions of years this was a highly rational and effective strategy because the light on ____ dark beach represented the reflection of the moon and stars on the water's surface.

Following the lights led baby turtles ____ home to the sea.

The problems started when humans began building beachfront ____ and sparkling hotels on the other side of the beach.

Now ____ hatching, turtles heading for the brightest nearby lights were being guided straight into traffic.

Are self-destructive sea turtles naturally ____

Yes, in the modern world. But there's a deeper ____

Turtles are basing their decisions on simple cues that were perfectly rational for their ancestors; these days, however, their evolved decision‐making mechanisms are being blinded by ____ lights.

Sensory organs are ____ only channels of communication between the brain and the outside world.

Simply put, the brain is ____ designed to sense on its own.

For instance, an exposed brain would neither sense light ____ on it nor feel something touching it.

In fact, patients are often kept awake during brain surgery, ____ can help a surgeon isolate specific regions of the brain.

The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle recognized this characteristic of the brain over 2,000 years ago when he said, "Nothing is in the mind that does not pass through ____ senses."

This concept can be seen clearly when volunteers are ____ and placed in the warm water of a sensory deprivation tank.

They soon experience visual, auditory, and tactile (touch) hallucinations, as well as incoherent ____ patterns.

____ these experiments and others, it is apparent that we need constant input from our senses to carry out functions that give us personality and intellect.

The writer and zoologist Desmond Morris observed that our feet communicate exactly what we think and ____ more honestly than any other part of our bodies.

Why are ____ feet and legs such accurate reflectors of our sentiments?

For millions ____ years, long before humans spoke, our legs and feet reacted to environmental threats (e.g., hot sand, illtempered lions) instantaneously, without the need for conscious thought.

Our limbic brains made sure that our feet and legs reacted ____ needed by either ceasing motion, running away, or kicking at a potential threat.

This survival regimen, retained from our ancestral heritage, has served us well and continues to do so ____

In fact, ____ age-old reactions are still so hardwired in us that when we are presented with something dangerous or even disagreeable, our feet and legs still react as they did in prehistoric times.

The transition from an oral culture, in which knowledge was handed down through stories, songs, and apprenticeships, to a literate one, based on the written ____ was held back for centuries by the lack of suitable writing material.

Stone ____ clay tablets were used, but they were prone to fracture and were bulky and heavy to transport.

Wood suffers from splitting and ____ susceptible to decay.

Wall paintings are ____ and space is limited.

The invention of paper, said to be one of the four great inventions of the Chinese, solved these problems, but it wasn't until the Romans replaced the scroll with the codex ─ or, as we call it now, the book ____ that the material reached its full potential.

That was two thousand years ago, and it is still a ____ form of the written word.

That paper, a much softer material than either ____ or wood, won out as the guardian of the written word is a remarkable materials story.

A reason for a conclusion is very unlikely to consist in ____ single claim.

No matter how we might state ____ in short-hand, it is, analytically, a complex interaction of many ideas and implications.

The reason must be broken down into ____ chain of more precise premises.

For example, the claim that 'university education should be free for all Australians' might be ____ by the reason that 'the economy benefits from a well‐educated Australian population'.

But is our analysis ____ the situation clearly expressed in just one statement?

Hardly. The conclusion is about universities ____ free education, while the reason introduces some new ideas: economic benefit and a well-educated population.

While ____ link between these two ideas and the conclusion might seem obvious, the purpose of reasoning is to avoid assuming the 'obvious' by carefully working through the connections between the various ideas in the initial statement of our reason.

The word "migration" is almost always reported ____ the popular media and even in scientific literature as a problem or a crisis.

For example, migrants are assumed to overcrowd cities, clog up labor ____ and increase poverty.

The ____ questionable assumption is that most migration is involuntary ─ people fleeing natural or man-made disasters.

The reality, however, is ____ complex, and many migrants are simply seeking greater economic opportunity.

Of course migration can and ____ create social and economic problems.

But migration can also ____ a solution for many preexisting problems.

For example, out-migration generally redistributes workers from places of labor ____ to areas where there is greater demand or more opportunity.

Migration is generally selective of persons who are younger, healthier, more flexible, and more willing to endure hardship in hopes of a better life relative to their prospects in their places ____ origin.

Most research that examines long‐term ____ of migration, including remittances and intergenerational mobility, finds positive "long-term" effects on places of origin and destination.

The big problem with money created by the government is that those who run the government always ____ the temptation to create more money and spend it.

Whether among ancient kings or ____ politicians, this has happened again and again over the centuries, leading to inflation and the many economic and social problems that follow from inflation.

For this reason, many ____ have preferred using gold, silver, or some other material that is inherently limited in supply, as money.

It is a way of depriving governments of the power to expand the money supply ____ inflationary levels.

Gold has long been considered ideal ____ this purpose, since the supply of gold in the world usually cannot be increased rapidly.

When paper money is convertible into gold whenever the individual chooses to do so, then the money ____ said to be "backed up" by gold.

This expression is misleading only if we imagine that the value of ____ gold is somehow transferred to the paper money, when in fact the real point is that the gold simply limits the amount of paper money that can be issued.

The study ____ emotions and decision making is now of considerable importance.

This ____ the application of various tools afforded by neuroscience.

One ____ stream of the literature examines people with brain damage and how damage to particular parts of the brain known to be responsible for particular cognitive functions impacts on decision making.

One example of this research is the work of Antonio Damasio, who finds that when ____ emotional part of the brain is damaged, this actually reduces the efficacy of decision making.

Good decisions are a product of the emotional part of the brain working in conjunction with ____ deliberative part.

This contradicts the assumptions of conventional economics, where emotions ____ a negative role in the decision‐making process.

Here it is assumed that decision making can be ____ as being generated in a stoic, unemotional fashion, and that's why decisions tend to be optimal.

But the evidence suggests that emotions actually play an important and, often, ____ positive role in decision making.

The brain's emotional part working in relation with its deliberative part enhances the effectiveness of decision making, which counters the ideas about emotions in the decision‐making ____ of traditional economics.

Shoppers confronted with the choice of thirty different varieties of gourmet chocolates are more likely to walk away without buying any, ____ with when they are presented with only half a dozen choices.

If employees are given a free ____ to Paris, they are happy.

If you ____ them a free trip to Hawaii, they are happy.

But if you offer them ____ choice between the two destinations, they are less happy, no matter what they choose.

____ might choice be so disruptive?

The reason is that choice forces us to make comparisons ____ acknowledge relative disadvantages.

People who choose Paris complain ____ it doesn't have the ocean and those who choose Hawaii regret that it doesn't have the museums.

Psychologist Barry Schwartz calls this the 'tyranny of choice' because rather than providing freedom, it actually constrains ____ decision‐making.

He ____ that wider choice increases unhappiness because we worry that we are going to make the wrong decision and so we get stressed about trying to process all the comparisons in an effort to get it right.

This ____ increases our fear of making the wrong choice and raises expectations that we should be able to get the best choice.

Having made the choice, ____ then start to regret, wondering whether it was the right one.