2023년 6월 고1 모의고사 변형 (31-42번)

Individuals who perform at a high level in their ____ often have instant credibility with others.

People admire them, they want to be like them, and they feel connected ____ them.

When they speak, others listen ― even if the area of their skill ____ nothing to do with the advice they give.

Think about a worldfamous basketball ____

He has ____ more money from endorsements than he ever did playing basketball.

Is it ____ of his knowledge of the products he endorses?

No. It’s ____ of what he can do with a basketball.

____ same can be said of an Olympic medalist swimmer.

People listen to him because of what he can do ____ the pool.

And when an actor ____ us we should drive a certain car, we don’t listen because of his expertise on engines.

We listen because we admire his talent. Excellence ____

If you possess a high level of ability in an area, others may desire to connect with you because of ____

Think of the brain as a city. If you were to look out over a city and ask “where is the economy located?” you’d see ____ no good answer to the question.

Instead, the economy emerges from the interaction of all ____ elements ― from the stores and the banks to the merchants and the customers.

And so it is with ____ brain’s operation: it doesn’t happen in one spot.

Just as in a city, no neighborhood of the ____ operates in isolation.

In brains and in ____ everything emerges from the interaction between residents, at all scales, locally and distantly.

____ as trains bring materials and textiles into a city, which become processed into the economy, so the raw electrochemical signals from sensory organs are transported along superhighways of neurons.

There ____ signals undergo processing and transformation into our conscious reality.

Someone else’s body ____ affects our own body, which then creates an emotional echo that makes us feel accordingly.

As Louis Armstrong sang, “When you’re smiling, ____ whole world smiles with you.”

If copying another’s smile makes us feel happy, the emotion of the smiler has ____ transmitted via our body.

Strange as it may sound, this ____ states that emotions arise from our bodies.

For example, our mood can be improved by simply lifting up the ____ of our mouth.

If people are asked to bite down on a pencil lengthwise, taking care not to let the pencil touch their lips (thus forcing the mouth into a smilelike shape), they judge cartoons funnier than if they have been asked to ____

The primacy of ____ body is sometimes summarized in the phrase “I must be afraid, because I’m running.”

Restricting the number of items customers can buy ____ sales.

Brian Wansink, Professor of Marketing at Cornell ____ investigated the effectiveness of this tactic in 1998.

He persuaded three supermarkets in Sioux ____ Iowa, to offer Campbell’s soup at a small discount: 79 cents rather than 89 cents.

The discounted soup was sold in one of ____ conditions: a control, where there was no limit on the volume of purchases, or two tests, where customers were limited to either four or twelve cans.

In the unlimited condition shoppers bought 3.3 cans on average, whereas ____ the scarce condition, when there was a limit, they bought 5.3 on average.

This suggests ____ encourages sales.

The ____ are particularly strong because the test took place in a supermarket with genuine shoppers.

It didn’t rely on claimed data, nor was it ____ in a laboratory where consumers might behave differently.

Although technology has the potential to increase productivity, it can also have ____ negative impact on productivity.

For example, in many office environments workers sit at desks with computers and have access to ____ internet.

They are able to check their personal emails and use social media whenever they ____ to.

This can stop them ____ doing their work and make them less productive.

Introducing new technology can also ____ a negative impact on production when it causes a change to the production process or requires workers to learn a new system.

Learning to use new technology can be time consuming and stressful ____ workers and this can cause a decline in productivity.

Up until about 6,000 years ago, most people ____ farmers.

Many lived in different places throughout the year, hunting for food or moving their livestock to areas ____ enough food.

There was no need to tell the time because life depended on ____ cycles, such as the changing seasons or sunrise and sunset.

Gradually more people started to live in larger ____ and some needed to tell the time.

____ example, priests wanted to know when to carry out religious ceremonies.

This was when people first invented clocks ― ____ that show, measure, and keep track of passing time.

Clocks have been important ever ____

Today, clocks are used for important things such as setting ____ airport timetables ― if the time is incorrect, aeroplanes might crash into each other when taking off or landing!

Managers are always looking for ____ to increase productivity, which is the ratio of costs to output in production.

____ Smith, writing when the manufacturing industry was new, described a way that production could be made more efficient, known as the “division of labor.”

____ most manufactured goods involves several different processes using different skills.

Smith’s example was the manufacture of pins: the wire is straightened, sharpened, a head is put on, and ____ it is polished.

One ____ could do all these tasks, and make 20 pins in a day.

But this work can be divided into its ____ processes, with a number of workers each performing one task.

Because each worker specializes in one job, he or ____ can work much faster without changing from one task to another.

Now ____ workers can produce thousands of pins in a day — a huge increase in productivity from the 200 they would have produced before.

Sometimes the pace of change ____ far slower.

The face you ____ reflected in your mirror this morning probably appeared no different from the face you saw the day before ― or a week or a month ago.

Yet we know that the face that stares back at us from ____ glass is not the same, cannot be the same, as it was 10 minutes ago.

The ____ is in your photo album:

Look at a photograph taken of yourself 5 ____ 10 years ago and you see clear differences between the face in the snapshot and the face in your mirror.

If you lived in a world without mirrors for ____ year and then saw your reflection, you might be surprised by the change.

After an interval of 10 years without seeing yourself, you might not at ____ recognize the person peering from the mirror.

Even something as ____ as our own face changes from moment to moment.

According to educational psychologist Susan Engel, curiosity ____ to decrease as young as four years old.

By the ____ we are adults, we have fewer questions and more default settings.

As Henry James put it, “Disinterested curiosity is past, ____ mental grooves and channels set.”

The decline in curiosity ____ be traced in the development of the brain through childhood.

Though smaller than the adult brain, the infant brain contains millions more ____ connections.

The wiring, however, is a mess; the lines ____ communication between infant neurons are far less efficient than between those in the adult brain.

The baby’s perception of the world is consequently both intensely rich ____ wildly disordered.

As children absorb more evidence from the world around them, certain possibilities become much ____ likely and more useful and harden into knowledge or beliefs.

The neural pathways that enable those beliefs become faster and more automatic, while ____ ones that the child doesn’t use regularly are pruned away.

Nearly eight of ____ U.S. adults believe there are “good foods” and “bad foods.”

Unless we’re talking about spoiled ____ poison mushrooms, or something similar, however, no foods can be labeled as either good or bad.

There are, however, combinations of ____ that add up to a healthful or unhealthful diet.

Consider the case of an adult who eats only foods thought of as “good” ― for example, raw broccoli, ____ orange juice, boiled tofu, and carrots.

Although all these foods are nutrientdense, they do not add up to a healthy diet because they don’t supply a wide enough variety ____ the nutrients we need.

Or ____ the case of the teenager who occasionally eats fried chicken, but otherwise stays away from fried foods.

____ occasional fried chicken isn’t going to knock his or her diet off track.

But the person who eats fried foods every day, with few vegetables or fruits, and loads up on supersized soft drinks, candy, and chips for snacks has a bad ____

Unlike the common belief, defining foods as good or bad is ____ appropriate; in fact, a healthy diet is determined largely by what the diet is composed of.