2025년 10월 고1 모의고사 변형문제 (31-42번)

Myths aren’t ____ stories.

For example, a well-known myth that persists today is the supposed ____ iron content in spinach.

This is a legend that dates back to 1890 and originates from a ____ miscalculation by physiologist Gustav von Bunge.

He accurately determined that 100 grams of spinach contained 35 milligrams of iron but he was analyzing dried spinach, which ____ ten times more iron than the same amount of fresh leafy greens.

Although the error was swiftly corrected, the correction was just ____ swiftly forgotten.

____ myth had taken hold.

Popeye, who gained superhuman strength from the leafy greens and defended himself with ____ fists, contributed to its endurance and even today, some nearly 150 years later, parents the world over use this tale to try to persuade their children into eating the healthy vegetable.

The technical term often ____ to describe animals’ judgement of numbers is the approximate number system.

What it ____ not provide is precision.

It shows ― and this is the same in every species tested ____ a characteristic pattern of errors, with discrimination becoming less accurate as the quantities get bigger.

Rhesus monkeys can tell one from two, ____ from three, three from four, four from five ... but start to fail from five upwards.

Rats that learned to ____ a lever a given number of times, from four up to twenty-four, became markedly less and less precise in their responses as the number increased: by the top end of the range they would merely produce a spread of numbers around the target.

It is ____ common observation that when testing the accuracy of animals’ number sense, the size of the numbers matters.

Despite the cultural trope depicting emotions as the opposite of rational thought, cognition ― what we commonly refer to ____ thinking ― is actually a key building block of emotion.

How we think about our circumstances shapes the emotions we experience; then those emotions echo back to ____ how we think.

For instance, if ____ walk into a test thinking you are bad at taking tests, your anxiety will be increased.

Then ____ don’t feel good about your performance on the test, and that becomes evidence for continuing to think that you’re bad at test taking.

In this way there’s simply no pulling emotion and ____ apart.

This bi-directionality of cognition and emotion allows us to adjust difficult emotions by changing the ____ we think.

By thinking differently ― I get nervous sometimes, but I’m still a good test taker, or that ____ feeling is just excitement and anticipation, it means I’m ready ―you can work those pathways to your advantage.

What is the Capabilities Approach (CA), and why would lawyers passionate about animal justice care about ____

It is easy to say what it ____ not.

The CA does not ____ animals by likeness to humans or seek special privileges for those considered most “like us,” as do some other popular theoretical approaches.

The CA has concern for the finch ____ the pig as much as the whale and the elephant.

And it argues that the human form of life is simply irrelevant when we think about what ____ type of animal needs and deserves.

____ is relevant is their own forms of life.

Just as humans seek to be able to enjoy the ____ goods of a human life, so a finch seeks a finch’s life and the whale a whale’s life.

We should extend ourselves and learn, not lazily picture animals as lesser humans, seeking a life sort ____ like our own.

According to the CA, each ____ creature should have the opportunity to flourish in the form of life characteristic for that creature.

Social media serves as an important context to ____ autobiographical remembering.

Personal events posted on social media ____ are better remembered and less forgotten than those not posted, independent of the characteristics of the events.

This may be because sharing memories online allows individuals ____ rehearse and make sense of what happened, thus facilitating long-term memory retention.

Online feedback such as comments and likes as well as technological features such as algorithms and periodic reminders can further serve ____ memory cues for the posted event details.

As a result, event details shared on social media are likely stabilized and remembered over time, whereas those not ____ may become inaccessible or forgotten.

Multisensory experiences are a central part of our everyday lives, yet we often take them for granted, especially when ____ senses function normally or are corrected to normal with aids like glasses.

However, ____ inspection to any, even the most ordinary experiences, reveals the remarkable multisensory world in which we live.

____ the experience of eating a regular meal.

At first, it may seem like an ordinary ____ but it is actually a fusion of the senses.

We first eat with ____ eyes, but we are also exposed to countless sensory signals that influence our eating experience such as food textures, tastes, and smells.

And it does not stop there. Even the sounds that come both from the atmospheres in which we eat and ____ interactions with the food (such as chewing) and the tools we use to eat influence our eating experience.

As children, the ____ of opposites is foreign.

Children perceive words ____ their meanings separately from each other.

It is only in later development that we ____ that individual words directly connect to one another.

For many children, for instance, it is not clear ____ ‘Right’ is the opposite of ‘Left’.

A vivid example of this can be seen when children learn to ____ a bicycle.

If parents tell their child “Don’t go ____ the left,” they will often find that the child will continue riding straight ahead and not automatically turn to the right.

The same applies to the logical connection between ‘Yes’ and ____ as perceived by parents.

When we were children and were told, for example, “No, don’t eat with your hands,” we were confused ____ didn’t know what our parents expected from us.

Our confusion ____ about whether we should continue eating or not and if so, how?

Only later did we recognize ____ connection and understand that we should continue eating, but not with our hands but with a fork or a spoon.

Humans are not ____ most social animal.

Ants, bees, and termites put ____ to shame on many metrics of sociality.

A wide variety of relatives live together with perfectly harmonious behavior ____ collectively care for their young.

But while insect colonies are impressively social ____ it’s not our kind of social life.

Bees ____ build hexagonal hives, ants march in lines, and termites move in zigzag formations.

These patterns recur predictably because they are tightly programmed genetically and propelled ____

We humans are more free, less tightly programmed genetically, ____ our social patterns can be more diverse and dynamic.

Every group dances a slightly different dance, and these choreographies change ____ generations.

We still think and act in ways that ____ in harmony with others around us, but it is through patterns that are more shaped by nurture, not just nature.

Those ____ purchase the goods of a company are called customers. Individuals who purchase goods for personal use are called consumers: beings who consume.

Therefore, companies have invented multiple ways to ensure that their ____ consume the produced items in larger and larger quantities and more and more frequently.

Those who sell food have an easy time, for food is literally consumed, so there is always a need ____ purchase new food.

But with more permanent things, companies must invent reasons for their customers to continue to ____ them.

One approach is to make the stuff that people already have outdated by convincing them ____ it is no longer fashionable.

The entire fashion industry is built to convince people that fashion matters, so they ____ purchase new clothing, even though the old is still perfectly functionable.

Fashion today extends to far more things than clothes: automobiles, mobile phones, computers ― the list is extended indefinitely, limited only by the limits of the creative minds of ____ marketing divisions of companies.

Kivetz, Urminsky, and Zheng ____ with a café to test the motivating effect of illusory progress in an experiment.

Customers received a reward card that offered one free coffee after ____ bought ten.

While half of the customers received a ____ with ten open slots, the other half got a card with twelve open slots.

Yet the twelveslot card had two preexisting “bonus” stamps, so, strictly ____ these were identical reward programs.

Every customer who got ____ card needed to make ten coffee purchases (and collect ten stamps) to get their free coffee.

____ the appeal of the free stamps was high.

People who thought they’d gotten a head start came back to the café more often, filling ____ their reward card more quickly than the others.

When the card came with two out of twelve slots already filled, it felt to customers like they were already 16 percent finished with the ____ before they’d even started.

Believing they were closer to the reward, they were more motivated to reach the finish ____

Creativity is ____ ability to generate novel and valuable ideas.

It involves divergent thinking, imagination, and a willingness ____ experiment and take risks.

While AI can be a powerful tool for creative ____ it also carries the risk of limiting originality and innovation.

AI algorithms are trained on existing ____ often identifying patterns and trends in past creations.

While this can be useful for generating new content in similar styles or formats, it can also lead to derivative ____ that lack genuine originality.

If artists and designers rely too heavily on AI for inspiration and content generation, they may find themselves trapped in a cycle of imitation, unable to break free from the constraints of the AI’s training ____

Moreover, the ease with which AI can generate content can discourage the kind of struggle and ____ that often leads to breakthroughs.

The creative process is often messy and repetitive, involving numerous failures ____ setbacks.

It is through ____ challenges that we refine our skills, develop our unique perspectives, and push the boundaries of what is possible.

If AI provides instant solutions, it can bypass this essential process of ____ through trial and error, ultimately inhibiting the development of true creative talent.