2025년 10월 고1 모의고사 변형문제 (31-42번)

Myths aren’t only ____

For example, a well-known myth that persists ____ is the supposed high iron content in spinach.

This is a legend that dates back to 1890 and originates from ____ simple miscalculation by physiologist Gustav von Bunge.

He accurately determined that 100 grams of spinach contained 35 milligrams of iron but he was analyzing dried spinach, which held ten ____ more iron than the same amount of fresh leafy greens.

Although the error was swiftly corrected, the correction was ____ as swiftly forgotten.

____ myth had taken hold.

Popeye, who gained superhuman strength from the leafy greens and defended himself with iron fists, contributed to its endurance and even today, ____ nearly 150 years later, parents the world over use this tale to try to persuade their children into eating the healthy vegetable.

The technical term often used to describe animals’ judgement of ____ is the approximate number system.

What it ____ not provide is precision.

It shows ― and this is the same in every ____ tested ― a characteristic pattern of errors, with discrimination becoming less accurate as the quantities get bigger.

Rhesus monkeys can tell one from two, two from three, three from four, four from five ... but start to fail ____ five upwards.

Rats that learned to press a lever a given number of times, from four up to twenty-four, became markedly less and less precise in their responses as the number increased: by the top end of the range they would merely ____ a spread of numbers around the target.

It is a common observation that when ____ the accuracy of animals’ number sense, the size of the numbers matters.

Despite the cultural trope depicting emotions as the opposite of rational thought, ____ ― what we commonly refer to as thinking ― is actually a key building block of emotion.

How we think about our circumstances shapes the ____ we experience; then those emotions echo back to influence how we think.

For instance, if you walk into ____ test thinking you are bad at taking tests, your anxiety will be increased.

Then you don’t feel good about your performance on the test, ____ that becomes evidence for continuing to think that you’re bad at test taking.

____ this way there’s simply no pulling emotion and cognition apart.

This bi-directionality of cognition and emotion allows ____ to adjust difficult emotions by changing the way we think.

By thinking differently ― I get nervous sometimes, but I’m still a good test taker, or that nervous feeling is just excitement and anticipation, it means I’m ready ―you can work those pathways to your ____

What is the Capabilities Approach (CA), and why would ____ passionate about animal justice care about it?

It is easy to say what it is ____

The CA does not rank animals by likeness to humans or seek special privileges for ____ considered most “like us,” as do some other popular theoretical approaches.

The CA has concern for the finch and the ____ as much as the whale and the elephant.

And it argues ____ the human form of life is simply irrelevant when we think about what each type of animal needs and deserves.

____ is relevant is their own forms of life.

Just as humans seek to be able to enjoy the characteristic goods of a ____ life, so a finch seeks a finch’s life and the whale a whale’s life.

We should extend ourselves and learn, not lazily picture animals as lesser humans, seeking ____ life sort of like our own.

According ____ the CA, each sentient creature should have the opportunity to flourish in the form of life characteristic for that creature.

____ media serves as an important context to facilitate autobiographical remembering.

Personal ____ posted on social media platforms are better remembered and less forgotten than those not posted, independent of the characteristics of the events.

____ may be because sharing memories online allows individuals to rehearse and make sense of what happened, thus facilitating long-term memory retention.

Online feedback such as comments and likes as well as technological features such as algorithms and periodic reminders can further serve as memory cues for ____ posted event details.

As a result, ____ details shared on social media are likely stabilized and remembered over time, whereas those not shared may become inaccessible or forgotten.

Multisensory experiences are a central part of our everyday lives, yet we often take them ____ granted, especially when our senses function normally or are corrected to normal with aids like glasses.

However, closer inspection to any, ____ the most ordinary experiences, reveals the remarkable multisensory world in which we live.

Consider the ____ of eating a regular meal.

____ first, it may seem like an ordinary experience, but it is actually a fusion of the senses.

We first eat with our eyes, but we are also exposed to countless sensory ____ that influence our eating experience such as food textures, tastes, and smells.

And it does not stop there. Even the sounds that come both from the atmospheres in which we ____ and our interactions with the food (such as chewing) and the tools we use to eat influence our eating experience.

____ children, the principle of opposites is foreign.

Children perceive words and their meanings separately from each ____

It is only in later development that we understood that individual words directly connect to one ____

For many children, for instance, it is not clear that ‘Right’ ____ the opposite of ‘Left’.

A vivid example of this can ____ seen when children learn to ride a bicycle.

If ____ tell their child “Don’t go to the left,” they will often find that the child will continue riding straight ahead and not automatically turn to the right.

The same applies to the logical connection between ____ and ‘No’ as perceived by parents.

When we were children ____ were told, for example, “No, don’t eat with your hands,” we were confused and didn’t know what our parents expected from us.

Our confusion was about whether ____ should continue eating or not and if so, how?

Only later did ____ recognize the connection and understand that we should continue eating, but not with our hands but with a fork or a spoon.

Humans are not the most social ____

Ants, bees, ____ termites put humanity to shame on many metrics of sociality.

A wide variety of relatives live together with ____ harmonious behavior and collectively care for their young.

But while insect colonies are impressively social ____ it’s not our kind of social life.

____ always build hexagonal hives, ants march in lines, and termites move in zigzag formations.

These patterns recur predictably because they are tightly programmed ____ and propelled pheromonally.

We humans are more free, less tightly ____ genetically, so our social patterns can be more diverse and dynamic.

Every group ____ a slightly different dance, and these choreographies change across generations.

We still think and act in ways that are in harmony with others around us, but it is through patterns that are more shaped by nurture, not just ____

Those who purchase the goods ____ a company are called customers. Individuals who purchase goods for personal use are called consumers: beings who consume.

Therefore, companies have invented multiple ways to ensure ____ their customers consume the produced items in larger and larger quantities and more and more frequently.

Those who sell ____ have an easy time, for food is literally consumed, so there is always a need to purchase new food.

But with more permanent things, companies must invent reasons for their customers to ____ to consume them.

One approach is to make the stuff that people already have outdated by convincing them that it is no longer ____

The entire fashion industry ____ built to convince people that fashion matters, so they must purchase new clothing, even though the old is still perfectly functionable.

Fashion today extends to far more things than clothes: automobiles, mobile phones, computers ― the list is extended indefinitely, limited only by the limits of the creative minds of ____ marketing divisions of companies.

Kivetz, Urminsky, and Zheng partnered with a café to ____ the motivating effect of illusory progress in an experiment.

Customers received a reward card that ____ one free coffee after they’d bought ten.

While half of the customers received a card with ten open slots, the other half got a card with twelve open ____

Yet the twelveslot card had ____ preexisting “bonus” stamps, so, strictly speaking, these were identical reward programs.

Every customer who got a card needed to make ten coffee purchases (and collect ten stamps) to ____ their free coffee.

But the appeal of the ____ stamps was high.

People who thought they’d gotten a head start came back to the café ____ often, filling in their reward card more quickly than the others.

When the card came with two ____ of twelve slots already filled, it felt to customers like they were already 16 percent finished with the goal before they’d even started.

Believing they were closer to the reward, they were more motivated to reach ____ finish line.

____ is the ability to generate novel and valuable ideas.

It ____ divergent thinking, imagination, and a willingness to experiment and take risks.

While AI can ____ a powerful tool for creative efforts, it also carries the risk of limiting originality and innovation.

AI algorithms are trained on existing datasets, often identifying ____ and trends in past creations.

While this can be useful for generating new content in similar styles or formats, it can also lead to ____ works that lack genuine originality.

If artists and designers rely ____ heavily on AI for inspiration and content generation, they may find themselves trapped in a cycle of imitation, unable to break free from the constraints of the AI’s training data.

Moreover, the ease with which AI can generate content can discourage the kind of struggle and experimentation ____ often leads to breakthroughs.

The creative process is often messy and repetitive, involving ____ failures and setbacks.

It is through these challenges that we refine our skills, develop ____ unique perspectives, and push the boundaries of what is possible.

If AI provides instant solutions, it can bypass this essential ____ of learning through trial and error, ultimately inhibiting the development of true creative talent.