2023년 6월 고1 모의고사 변형 (31-42번)

Individuals who perform at a high level in their profession ____ have instant credibility with others.

People admire ____, they want to be like them, and they feel connected to them.

When they speak, others ____ ― even if the area of their skill has nothing to do with the advice they give.

____ about a worldfamous basketball player.

He has made ____ money from endorsements than he ever did playing basketball.

Is it because of his ____ of the products he endorses?

No. It’s because of what he can do with a ____.

The same can be said of an Olympic ____ swimmer.

People listen to ____ because of what he can do in the pool.

And when an actor tells us we should drive a certain car, we don’t listen ____ of his expertise on engines.

We listen ____ we admire his talent. Excellence connects.

If you possess a high level of ability in an area, others may desire to connect with you ____ of it.

Think of the brain as a city. If you were to look ____ over a city and ask “where is the economy located?” you’d see there’s no good answer to the question.

Instead, the economy emerges from the interaction of all the elements ― from the stores and the banks to the merchants and the ____.

And so it is with the brain’s operation: it doesn’t happen in one ____.

Just as in a city, no ____ of the brain operates in isolation.

In brains and in cities, everything emerges from the interaction between ____, at all scales, locally and distantly.

Just as trains bring materials and textiles into a city, ____ become processed into the economy, so the raw electrochemical signals from sensory organs are transported along superhighways of neurons.

There the signals undergo processing and transformation into our ____ reality.

Someone else’s body language affects our own body, which then creates an emotional echo that makes us feel ____.

As Louis Armstrong sang, “When you’re smiling, the whole world ____ with you.”

If copying another’s smile makes us feel happy, the ____ of the smiler has been transmitted via our body.

Strange as it may sound, this theory ____ that emotions arise from our bodies.

For example, our mood can be improved by ____ lifting up the corners of our mouth.

If people are asked to bite down on a pencil ____, taking care not to let the pencil touch their lips (thus forcing the mouth into a smilelike shape), they judge cartoons funnier than if they have been asked to frown.

The ____ of the body is sometimes summarized in the phrase “I must be afraid, because I’m running.”

____ the number of items customers can buy boosts sales.

Brian Wansink, ____ of Marketing at Cornell University, investigated the effectiveness of this tactic in 1998.

He persuaded three supermarkets in Sioux City, Iowa, to offer ____ soup at a small discount: 79 cents rather than 89 cents.

The discounted soup was sold in one of three conditions: a control, where there was no limit on the volume of purchases, or two tests, where ____ were limited to either four or twelve cans.

In the unlimited condition shoppers bought 3.3 cans on average, whereas in the scarce condition, when there was a limit, they ____ 5.3 on average.

This suggests scarcity ____ sales.

The findings are ____ strong because the test took place in a supermarket with genuine shoppers.

It didn’t rely on claimed data, nor was it held in a laboratory where consumers might behave ____.

Although technology has the potential to increase productivity, it can also have a negative ____ on productivity.

For example, in many office environments workers sit at desks with computers and ____ access to the internet.

They are able to check their personal ____ and use social media whenever they want to.

This can stop them from ____ their work and make them less productive.

Introducing new technology can also have a negative impact on production when it causes a change to the production process or requires ____ to learn a new system.

Learning to use new technology can be time consuming and stressful for workers and this ____ cause a decline in productivity.

Up until about 6,000 years ____, most people were farmers.

Many lived in different places throughout the year, hunting for food or moving their livestock to areas with enough ____.

There was no need to tell the time because life depended on natural cycles, ____ as the changing seasons or sunrise and sunset.

____ more people started to live in larger settlements, and some needed to tell the time.

For example, priests wanted to ____ when to carry out religious ceremonies.

This was when people first invented ____ ― devices that show, measure, and keep track of passing time.

Clocks have ____ important ever since.

Today, clocks are used for important things such as setting busy airport timetables ― if the time is incorrect, aeroplanes might crash into each other when taking ____ or landing!

Managers are always looking for ways to increase ____, which is the ratio of costs to output in production.

Adam Smith, writing when the manufacturing industry was ____, described a way that production could be made more efficient, known as the “division of labor.”

____ most manufactured goods involves several different processes using different skills.

Smith’s example was the manufacture of pins: the wire is straightened, ____, a head is put on, and then it is polished.

One worker could do all these tasks, and make 20 pins in a ____.

But this work can be divided into its separate ____, with a number of workers each performing one task.

Because each worker specializes in one job, he or she can work ____ faster without changing from one task to another.

Now 10 workers can produce ____ of pins in a day — a huge increase in productivity from the 200 they would have produced before.

____ the pace of change is far slower.

The face you saw reflected in your ____ this morning probably appeared no different from the face you saw the day before ― or a week or a month ago.

Yet we know that the face that stares back at us from the glass is not the same, cannot be the ____, as it was 10 minutes ago.

The ____ is in your photo album:

Look at a photograph taken of yourself 5 or 10 years ago and you see clear differences between the face in the snapshot and the face in your ____.

If you lived in a world without mirrors for a ____ and then saw your reflection, you might be surprised by the change.

After an ____ of 10 years without seeing yourself, you might not at first recognize the person peering from the mirror.

Even something as basic as our own face ____ from moment to moment.

According to educational psychologist Susan ____, curiosity begins to decrease as young as four years old.

By the time we are adults, we have fewer ____ and more default settings.

As Henry James put it, “Disinterested ____ is past, the mental grooves and channels set.”

The decline in curiosity can be traced in the ____ of the brain through childhood.

Though smaller than the adult brain, the infant brain contains millions more ____ connections.

The wiring, however, is a mess; the lines of communication between infant neurons are far less efficient than ____ those in the adult brain.

The baby’s perception of the world is ____ both intensely rich and wildly disordered.

As children absorb more evidence from the world around them, certain possibilities become ____ more likely and more useful and harden into knowledge or beliefs.

The neural pathways that enable those beliefs become faster and ____ automatic, while the ones that the child doesn’t use regularly are pruned away.

Nearly ____ of ten U.S. adults believe there are “good foods” and “bad foods.”

Unless we’re talking about spoiled stew, poison mushrooms, or something similar, however, no ____ can be labeled as either good or bad.

There are, however, ____ of foods that add up to a healthful or unhealthful diet.

Consider the case of an adult who ____ only foods thought of as “good” ― for example, raw broccoli, apples, orange juice, boiled tofu, and carrots.

Although all these foods are nutrientdense, they do not add up to a healthy diet ____ they don’t supply a wide enough variety of the nutrients we need.

Or take the case of the ____ who occasionally eats fried chicken, but otherwise stays away from fried foods.

The occasional fried chicken isn’t going to knock his or her diet off ____.

But the person who eats fried foods every day, with few vegetables or ____, and loads up on supersized soft drinks, candy, and chips for snacks has a bad diet.

Unlike the common belief, defining foods as good or bad is not appropriate; in fact, a healthy ____ is determined largely by what the diet is composed of.