2023년 6월 고1 모의고사 변형 (31-42번)

Individuals who perform at a high level in their profession often have instant credibility with ____

People admire them, they want to be like them, and they feel ____ to them.

When they speak, others listen ― even if the area of their skill has ____ to do with the advice they give.

Think about ____ worldfamous basketball player.

He has ____ more money from endorsements than he ever did playing basketball.

Is ____ because of his knowledge of the products he endorses?

No. It’s because of what he can do with ____ basketball.

The same can be ____ of an Olympic medalist swimmer.

People listen ____ him because of what he can do in the pool.

And when an actor ____ us we should drive a certain car, we don’t listen because of his expertise on engines.

We listen because we admire his ____ Excellence connects.

If you possess a high level of ability in an ____ others may desire to connect with you because of it.

Think of the brain as a city. If you were to look out over a ____ and ask “where is the economy located?” you’d see there’s no good answer to the question.

Instead, the economy emerges from the interaction of all the elements ― ____ the stores and the banks to the merchants and the customers.

And so ____ is with the brain’s operation: it doesn’t happen in one spot.

Just as ____ a city, no neighborhood of the brain operates in isolation.

____ brains and in cities, everything emerges from the interaction between residents, at all scales, locally and distantly.

Just as trains bring materials and textiles into a ____ which become processed into the economy, so the raw electrochemical signals from sensory organs are transported along superhighways of neurons.

There ____ signals undergo processing and transformation into our conscious reality.

Someone else’s body language affects ____ own body, which then creates an emotional echo that makes us feel accordingly.

As Louis ____ sang, “When you’re smiling, the whole world smiles with you.”

If copying another’s smile makes us ____ happy, the emotion of the smiler has been transmitted via our body.

Strange as it may sound, ____ theory states that emotions arise from our bodies.

For example, our mood can be ____ by simply lifting up the corners of our mouth.

If people are asked to bite down on a pencil lengthwise, taking care not to let the pencil touch their lips ____ forcing the mouth into a smilelike shape), they judge cartoons funnier than if they have been asked to frown.

The primacy of the body is ____ summarized in the phrase “I must be afraid, because I’m running.”

Restricting ____ number of items customers can buy boosts sales.

Brian Wansink, Professor ____ Marketing at Cornell University, investigated the effectiveness of this tactic in 1998.

He persuaded ____ supermarkets in Sioux City, Iowa, to offer Campbell’s soup at a small discount: 79 cents rather than 89 cents.

The discounted soup was sold in one of three conditions: a control, where there was no limit on the volume of ____ or two tests, where customers were limited to either four or twelve cans.

In the unlimited condition shoppers bought 3.3 cans on average, whereas in the scarce condition, ____ there was a limit, they bought 5.3 on average.

This suggests ____ encourages sales.

The findings are particularly strong because the test ____ place in a supermarket with genuine shoppers.

It didn’t rely on claimed data, nor was it held in ____ laboratory where consumers might behave differently.

Although technology ____ the potential to increase productivity, it can also have a negative impact on productivity.

For example, in many office environments workers sit at ____ with computers and have access to the internet.

____ are able to check their personal emails and use social media whenever they want to.

This can stop them from doing their work and make ____ less productive.

____ new technology can also have a negative impact on production when it causes a change to the production process or requires workers to learn a new system.

Learning to use new technology can be time ____ and stressful for workers and this can cause a decline in productivity.

Up until ____ 6,000 years ago, most people were farmers.

Many lived in different places throughout ____ year, hunting for food or moving their livestock to areas with enough food.

There was no need to tell the time because life depended on natural cycles, such ____ the changing seasons or sunrise and sunset.

Gradually more people started to live in larger settlements, ____ some needed to tell the time.

For example, priests wanted to know when ____ carry out religious ceremonies.

This was when people first invented clocks ― devices that show, ____ and keep track of passing time.

Clocks have been important ever ____

Today, clocks ____ used for important things such as setting busy airport timetables ― if the time is incorrect, aeroplanes might crash into each other when taking off or landing!

Managers are always looking ____ ways to increase productivity, which is the ratio of costs to output in production.

Adam Smith, writing when the manufacturing industry was new, described a ____ that production could be made more efficient, known as the “division of labor.”

Making most manufactured ____ involves several different processes using different skills.

Smith’s example was the manufacture of pins: the wire is straightened, sharpened, a head is put on, and ____ it is polished.

One worker could do all ____ tasks, and make 20 pins in a day.

But this work can be divided into its separate processes, with a number of workers each performing one ____

Because each worker specializes in one job, he or she can work much faster without changing from one ____ to another.

Now 10 workers can produce thousands of pins in ____ day — a huge increase in productivity from the 200 they would have produced before.

Sometimes the pace ____ change is far slower.

The face you saw ____ in your mirror this morning probably appeared no different from the face you saw the day before ― or a week or a month ago.

Yet we know that the face that stares back at us from the glass is not the same, cannot be the same, as it was 10 ____ ago.

The proof is in your ____ album:

Look at a photograph taken of yourself 5 or 10 years ago and you see clear differences between the face ____ the snapshot and the face in your mirror.

If you lived in a world without mirrors for a year and then saw your reflection, ____ might be surprised by the change.

After an interval of 10 years without seeing ____ you might not at first recognize the person peering from the mirror.

Even something as basic as our own face changes ____ moment to moment.

According to educational psychologist Susan Engel, curiosity begins to decrease ____ young as four years old.

By the time we ____ adults, we have fewer questions and more default settings.

As Henry James put it, “Disinterested curiosity is past, the mental ____ and channels set.”

The decline in curiosity can be traced in ____ development of the brain through childhood.

Though smaller than the adult brain, the infant ____ contains millions more neural connections.

The wiring, however, is a mess; the ____ of communication between infant neurons are far less efficient than between those in the adult brain.

The baby’s perception of the world is consequently both intensely rich and ____ disordered.

As children absorb more evidence from the world around them, certain possibilities become much more ____ and more useful and harden into knowledge or beliefs.

The neural pathways that enable those beliefs become faster and ____ automatic, while the ones that the child doesn’t use regularly are pruned away.

____ eight of ten U.S. adults believe there are “good foods” and “bad foods.”

Unless we’re talking about spoiled stew, poison mushrooms, ____ something similar, however, no foods can be labeled as either good or bad.

There are, however, combinations of foods that add up to a healthful or ____ diet.

Consider the case of an adult who eats only foods thought of as “good” ― ____ example, raw broccoli, apples, orange juice, boiled tofu, and carrots.

Although all these foods are nutrientdense, they do not add up to a healthy diet because they don’t supply a wide enough variety of the ____ we need.

Or take the case of the teenager who occasionally eats fried chicken, but otherwise stays ____ from fried foods.

The occasional ____ chicken isn’t going to knock his or her diet off track.

But the person who eats fried foods every day, with few vegetables or fruits, and loads up on supersized soft drinks, candy, and chips for snacks has a ____ diet.

Unlike the common belief, defining foods as ____ or bad is not appropriate; in fact, a healthy diet is determined largely by what the diet is composed of.