2024년 3월 고2 모의고사 변형 (31-42번)

____ often push themselves to the limits of their physical capabilities.

But that push is misguided if ____ is directed toward accomplishing something physically impossible.

For instance, a tall dancer with long feet may wish to perform repetitive vertical jumps to fast music, pointing his feet while in the air and ____ his heels to the floor between jumps.

That may be impossible no matter how strong ____ dancer is.

But a short­footed dancer ____ have no trouble!

Another dancer may be struggling to complete a ____ in the air.

Understanding the connection between a rapid turn rate and the alignment ____ the body close to the rotation axis tells her how to accomplish her turn successfully.

In both of these cases, understanding and working within the constraints imposed by nature and described by physical laws allows dancers to ____ efficiently, minimizing potential risk of injury.

We must explore ____ relationship between children’s film production and consumption habits.

The term “children’s film” implies ownership by children — their cinema — but films supposedly made for children have always ____ consumed by audiences of all ages, particularly in commercial cinemas.

The considerable crossover in audience composition for children’s films can be shown ____ the fact that, in 2007, eleven Danish children’s and youth films attracted 59 per cent of theatrical admissions, and in 2014, German children’s films comprised seven out of the top twenty films at the national box office.

This phenomenon corresponds with a broader, international embrace of what is seemingly children’s ____ among audiences of diverse ages.

The ____ prejudice that children’s film is some other realm, separate from (and forever subordinate to) a more legitimate cinema for adults is not supported by the realities of consumption: children’s film is at the heart of contemporary popular culture.

Beethoven’s drive to create something novel is a reflection ____ his state of curiosity.

Our brains experience a sense of ____ when we create something new in the process of exploring something uncertain, such as a musical phrase that we’ve never played or heard before.

When our curiosity leads to something novel, the ____ reward brings us a sense of pleasure.

A ____ of investigators have modeled how curiosity influences musical composition.

In the case of Beethoven, computer modeling focused on the thirty­two piano sonatas written after age thirteen revealed that the musical patterns found in all of Beethoven’s music decreased in ____ sonatas, while novel patterns, including patterns that were unique to a particular sonata, increased.

In other words, Beethoven’s music became less predictable over time as his curiosity drove the exploration ____ new musical ideas.

____ is a powerful driver of human creativity.

____ are always on the lookout for quantifiable metrics.

Measurable inputs to a model are their lifeblood, and like ____ social scientist, a technologist needs to identify concrete measures, or “proxies,” for assessing progress.

This need for quantifiable proxies produces ____ bias toward measuring things that are easy to quantify.

But simple metrics can take us further away from the important goals we really care about, which may require complicated metrics or ____ extremely difficult, or perhaps impossible, to reduce to any measure.

And when we have imperfect or bad proxies, ____ can easily fall under the illusion that we are solving for a good end without actually making genuine progress toward a worthy solution.

The problem of ____ results in technologists frequently substituting what is measurable for what is meaningful.

As the saying goes, “Not everything that counts can be counted, and ____ everything that can be counted counts.”

We are the only species that seasons its food, ____ altering it with the highly flavored plant parts we call herbs and spices.

It’s quite possible that our ____ for spices has an evolutionary root.

Many spices have antibacterial ____ — in fact, common seasonings such as garlic, onion, and oregano inhibit the growth of almost every bacterium tested.

And the cultures that make the heaviest use of spices — think of the garlic and black pepper of Thai food, the ginger and coriander of India, the chili peppers of Mexico — ____ from warmer climates, where bacterial spoilage is a bigger issue.

In contrast, the most lightly spiced cuisines — those ____ Scandinavia and northern Europe — are from cooler climates.

Our uniquely human attention to flavor, ____ this case the flavor of spices, turns out to have arisen as a matter of life and death.

Development of the human body from a single cell provides many examples of the structural richness that is possible when the repeated production of random variation is combined with nonrandom ____

All ____ of body development from embryo to adult exhibit random activities at the cellular level, and body formation depends on the new possibilities generated by these activities coupled with selection of those outcomes that satisfy previously built­in criteria.

Always ____ structure is based on old structure, and at every stage selection favors some cells and eliminates others.

The survivors serve to produce ____ cells that undergo further rounds of selection.

Except ____ the immune system, cells and extensions of cells are not genetically selected during development, but rather, are positionally selected.

Those in the right place that ____ the right connections are stimulated, and those that don’t are eliminated.

This ____ is much like sculpting.

A natural consequence of the strategy is great variability from individual to individual at the cell and molecular levels, even though large­scale structures are quite ____

In order to bring the ____ costs of home care for elderly and needy persons under control, managers of home care providers have introduced management systems.

These systems specify tasks of home care workers and the ____ and budget available to perform these tasks.

Electronic reporting systems require home care workers to ____ on their activities and the time spent, thus making the distribution of time and money visible and, in the perception of managers, controllable.

This, in the view of managers, has contributed to the ____ of the problem.

The home care workers, on the other hand, may perceive their work not as a set of separate tasks to be performed as ____ as possible, but as a service to be provided to a client with whom they may have developed a relationship.

This ____ having conversations with clients and enquiring about the person’s well­being.

Restricted time and the requirement to ____ may be perceived as obstacles that make it impossible to deliver the service that is needed.

If the management systems are too rigid, ____ may result in home care workers becoming overloaded and demotivated.

____ is a common assumption that most vagrant birds are ultimately doomed, aside from the rare cases where individuals are able to reorientate and return to their normal ranges.

____ turn, it is also commonly assumed that vagrancy itself is a relatively unimportant biological phenomenon.

This is undoubtedly true for the majority of cases, as the most likely ____ of any given vagrancy event is that the individual will fail to find enough resources, and/or be exposed to inhospitable environmental conditions, and perish.

However, there are many lines of evidence to suggest that vagrancy can, ____ rare occasions, dramatically alter the fate of populations, species or even whole ecosystems.

Despite being infrequent, these events can be extremely important ____ viewed at the timescales over which ecological and evolutionary processes unfold.

The most profound consequences of vagrancy relate to the establishment of ____ breeding sites, new migration routes and wintering locations.

Each of ____ can occur through different mechanisms, and at different frequencies, and they each have their own unique importance.

____ can be great, but it ought to be hard­-earned.

Experts, for example, are able to think on their feet because they’ve invested thousands of hours in learning and practice: their intuition has become ____

Only then are they able to act quickly in accordance with their internalized expertise and ____ experience.

Yet most ____ are not experts, though they often think they are.

Most of ____ especially when we interact with others on social media, act with expert­-like speed and conviction, offering a wide range of opinions on global crises, without the substance of knowledge that supports it.

And thanks to AI, which ensures ____ our messages are delivered to an audience more inclined to believing it, our delusions of expertise can be reinforced by our personal filter bubble.

We have an interesting tendency to find people ____ open­-minded, rational, and sensible when they think just like us.

The fast­growing, tremendous amount of ____ collected and stored in large and numerous data repositories, has far exceeded our human ability for understanding without powerful tools.

As a result, data collected in large data repositories become “data tombs” — data archives ____ are hardly visited.

Important decisions are often made based not on the information–rich data stored in data repositories but rather on a decision maker’s instinct, simply because the decision maker does not have ____ tools to extract the valuable knowledge hidden in the vast amounts of data.

Efforts have been made to develop expert system and knowledge­based ____ which typically rely on users or domain experts to manually input knowledge into knowledge bases.

However, this procedure is likely to cause biases and errors and ____ extremely costly and time consuming.

The widening gap between data and information calls for the systematic development of tools that can turn data tombs ____ “golden nuggets” of knowledge.

It’s untrue that teens can focus on two things at once — what they’re ____ is shifting their attention from one task to another.

In this digital age, teens ____ their brains to make these shifts very quickly, but they are still, like everyone else, paying attention to one thing at a time, sequentially.

Common sense tells us multitasking should increase brain activity, but Carnegie Mellon University scientists using the latest brain ____ technology find it doesn’t.

As a matter of fact, they discovered that multitasking actually decreases brain ____

Neither task ____ done as well as if each were performed individually.

Fractions of a second are lost every time we make a switch, and a person’s interrupted task can take 50 percent longer to ____ with 50 percent more errors.

Turns out the latest brain research supports the old advice “one thing at a ____

It’s not that kids can’t do ____ tasks simultaneously.

But if ____ tasks are performed at once, one of them has to be familiar.

Our brains perform a familiar task on “automatic pilot” ____ really paying attention to the other one.

That’s why insurance companies consider talking on a cell phone and driving to be as dangerous ____ driving while drunk — it’s the driving that goes on “automatic pilot” while the conversation really holds our attention.

Our kids may be living in the Information Age but our brains ____ not been redesigned yet.