2024년 3월 고2 모의고사 변형 (31-42번)

Dancers often push themselves to the limits of their ____ capabilities.

But ____ push is misguided if it is directed toward accomplishing something physically impossible.

For instance, a tall dancer with long feet may wish to perform repetitive vertical ____ to fast music, pointing his feet while in the air and lowering his heels to the floor between jumps.

That may be impossible no matter how strong ____ dancer is.

But a short­footed dancer may ____ no trouble!

Another dancer may be struggling to complete a half­turn in the ____

Understanding the connection between a rapid ____ rate and the alignment of the body close to the rotation axis tells her how to accomplish her turn successfully.

In both of these cases, understanding and working within the constraints imposed by nature and described by physical laws allows dancers to work efficiently, minimizing potential risk ____ injury.

We must explore the relationship between ____ film production and consumption habits.

The term “children’s film” implies ownership by children — their cinema — but films supposedly made for children have ____ been consumed by audiences of all ages, particularly in commercial cinemas.

The considerable crossover in audience composition for children’s films can be shown by the fact that, in 2007, eleven Danish children’s and youth films attracted ____ per cent of theatrical admissions, and in 2014, German children’s films comprised seven out of the top twenty films at the national box office.

This phenomenon ____ with a broader, international embrace of what is seemingly children’s culture among audiences of diverse ages.

The old prejudice that children’s ____ is some other realm, separate from (and forever subordinate to) a more legitimate cinema for adults is not supported by the realities of consumption: children’s film is at the heart of contemporary popular culture.

Beethoven’s drive to create something novel is a reflection ____ his state of curiosity.

Our brains experience a sense of reward when we create something new in the process of exploring something uncertain, such as a musical ____ that we’ve never played or heard before.

When our curiosity leads to something novel, the resulting reward brings us a sense ____ pleasure.

A ____ of investigators have modeled how curiosity influences musical composition.

In the case of Beethoven, computer modeling focused on the thirty­two piano sonatas written after age thirteen revealed that the musical patterns found in all of Beethoven’s music decreased in later sonatas, while novel patterns, including patterns that were unique ____ a particular sonata, increased.

In other words, Beethoven’s music became less ____ over time as his curiosity drove the exploration of new musical ideas.

____ is a powerful driver of human creativity.

Technologists are ____ on the lookout for quantifiable metrics.

Measurable inputs to a model are their lifeblood, and ____ a social scientist, a technologist needs to identify concrete measures, or “proxies,” for assessing progress.

This need for quantifiable proxies produces a bias toward measuring things that ____ easy to quantify.

But simple metrics can take us further away from the important goals we really care about, which may require complicated metrics or be extremely difficult, or ____ impossible, to reduce to any measure.

And when we have imperfect or bad proxies, we can easily fall under the illusion that we are solving for a good end without ____ making genuine progress toward a worthy solution.

The problem of proxies results in technologists frequently substituting what is ____ for what is meaningful.

____ the saying goes, “Not everything that counts can be counted, and not everything that can be counted counts.”

We are the only species that seasons its food, ____ altering it with the highly flavored plant parts we call herbs and spices.

____ quite possible that our taste for spices has an evolutionary root.

Many spices have antibacterial properties — in fact, common seasonings such as garlic, onion, and oregano inhibit the growth ____ almost every bacterium tested.

And the cultures that make the heaviest use of spices — think of the garlic ____ black pepper of Thai food, the ginger and coriander of India, the chili peppers of Mexico — come from warmer climates, where bacterial spoilage is a bigger issue.

In contrast, the most lightly spiced cuisines — those of Scandinavia and northern Europe ____ are from cooler climates.

Our uniquely human attention to flavor, in this case the flavor of spices, turns out ____ have arisen as a matter of life and death.

Development of the human body from a single cell provides many examples of the structural ____ that is possible when the repeated production of random variation is combined with nonrandom selection.

All phases of body development from embryo to adult exhibit random activities at the cellular level, and body formation depends on the new possibilities generated by these activities coupled with selection of those outcomes that satisfy previously built­in ____

Always new structure is based on old structure, and at every stage selection ____ some cells and eliminates others.

The survivors serve to produce new cells that undergo further rounds of ____

Except in the immune ____ cells and extensions of cells are not genetically selected during development, but rather, are positionally selected.

Those in the ____ place that make the right connections are stimulated, and those that don’t are eliminated.

This process is much ____ sculpting.

____ natural consequence of the strategy is great variability from individual to individual at the cell and molecular levels, even though large­scale structures are quite similar.

In order to bring the ever­increasing costs of ____ care for elderly and needy persons under control, managers of home care providers have introduced management systems.

These systems specify tasks of home care workers and the ____ and budget available to perform these tasks.

____ reporting systems require home care workers to report on their activities and the time spent, thus making the distribution of time and money visible and, in the perception of managers, controllable.

This, in the view of managers, has contributed to the ____ of the problem.

The home care workers, on the other hand, may perceive their work not as a set of ____ tasks to be performed as efficiently as possible, but as a service to be provided to a client with whom they may have developed a relationship.

This includes having conversations with clients and ____ about the person’s well­being.

Restricted time and the requirement to report may be perceived as obstacles that ____ it impossible to deliver the service that is needed.

____ the management systems are too rigid, this may result in home care workers becoming overloaded and demotivated.

It is a common assumption that most vagrant birds are ultimately doomed, aside from the rare cases where individuals are able to reorientate and return to their normal ____

In turn, it is also commonly assumed ____ vagrancy itself is a relatively unimportant biological phenomenon.

This is undoubtedly true for the majority of cases, as the most likely outcome of any given vagrancy event is that the individual will fail ____ find enough resources, and/or be exposed to inhospitable environmental conditions, and perish.

However, there are many lines of evidence to suggest ____ vagrancy can, on rare occasions, dramatically alter the fate of populations, species or even whole ecosystems.

Despite being infrequent, these events can be extremely important when viewed at the timescales ____ which ecological and evolutionary processes unfold.

The most ____ consequences of vagrancy relate to the establishment of new breeding sites, new migration routes and wintering locations.

Each of these can occur through different mechanisms, and at different frequencies, and they ____ have their own unique importance.

Intuition can be great, but it ought ____ be hard­-earned.

Experts, for example, are able to think on their feet because they’ve invested thousands of hours in learning and practice: their intuition ____ become data-­driven.

Only then are they able to ____ quickly in accordance with their internalized expertise and evidence-­based experience.

Yet most people ____ not experts, though they often think they are.

Most of us, especially when ____ interact with others on social media, act with expert­-like speed and conviction, offering a wide range of opinions on global crises, without the substance of knowledge that supports it.

And thanks to AI, which ensures that our messages are delivered to an audience more inclined to believing it, our delusions of expertise can be reinforced by ____ personal filter bubble.

We have an interesting tendency ____ find people more open­-minded, rational, and sensible when they think just like us.

The fast­growing, tremendous amount of ____ collected and stored in large and numerous data repositories, has far exceeded our human ability for understanding without powerful tools.

As a result, data collected in large data repositories become “data tombs” — data archives that are hardly ____

Important decisions are often made based not on the information–rich data ____ in data repositories but rather on a decision maker’s instinct, simply because the decision maker does not have the tools to extract the valuable knowledge hidden in the vast amounts of data.

Efforts have ____ made to develop expert system and knowledge­based technologies, which typically rely on users or domain experts to manually input knowledge into knowledge bases.

However, this procedure is likely to cause biases and errors and is extremely costly and time ____

The widening gap between data and information calls for the systematic development of tools that can turn data tombs into ____ nuggets” of knowledge.

It’s untrue ____ teens can focus on two things at once — what they’re doing is shifting their attention from one task to another.

In this digital age, teens wire their brains to make these shifts very quickly, but they are still, ____ everyone else, paying attention to one thing at a time, sequentially.

Common sense tells ____ multitasking should increase brain activity, but Carnegie Mellon University scientists using the latest brain imaging technology find it doesn’t.

As a matter of fact, they discovered that multitasking actually ____ brain activity.

Neither task is done as well ____ if each were performed individually.

Fractions of a second are lost every time we ____ a switch, and a person’s interrupted task can take 50 percent longer to finish, with 50 percent more errors.

Turns out the latest ____ research supports the old advice “one thing at a time.”

It’s not that ____ can’t do some tasks simultaneously.

But if two tasks are performed at once, one of them has to be ____

Our brains perform a familiar task on “automatic pilot” ____ really paying attention to the other one.

That’s why insurance companies consider talking on a cell phone and driving to be as ____ as driving while drunk — it’s the driving that goes on “automatic pilot” while the conversation really holds our attention.

Our kids ____ be living in the Information Age but our brains have not been redesigned yet.