2025년 3월 고3 모의고사 변형 (31-42번)

Life is ____ and human well-being is fragile.

If we are honest with ____, we realize that, despite our best efforts, we often cannot control the vicissitudes of human existence.

We go through life in fear and trembling, fearing what may happen, ____ hoping for the best.

Most of us get anxious in the face of an indeterminate or ambiguous ____.

We don't handle uncertainty very ____.

We are easily tempted to settle for quick "solutions," in order to eliminate our anxiety and doubt, even though these quick fixes may not, in the long ____, actually be adequate solutions.

It is natural, therefore, and ____ somewhat necessary, for us to seek stability in a sea of change and indeterminacy.

We want a ____ star to guide us on our journey through hazardous waters.

If only we could have ____ of what is fixed, unchanging, and ultimately reliable, then, we assume, that would be knowledge most worth having.

In one of the most famous passages of Being and Nothingness, "The Look," ____ Sartre describes the peculiar vulnerability that develops when someone goes from seeing (being a self with a perspective on the world) to being seen (having to confront the perspective of another on one's self).

He illustrates it with the example of someone ____ through a keyhole who suddenly finds himself caught by someone watching him.

The look of the other is always unnerving, Sartre ____, not only because we momentarily recognize ourselves in it through our imagination of their judgment of us but also because we don't.

We can always step back, challenge our perception of others' perceptions of ____, or explain them away ─ but we don't know what these perceptions really are.

Others have the distinctive power of making us feel judged in ____ we cannot fully control.

Social life is all about the fear that ____ our awareness that we can never access what the other sees.

We can ____ guess.

Perceived distance of objects that are far ____ from the observer is often assumed to be subject to some global limitation in the sense that the moon, the stars, and the sun are all perceived at the "sky": that is, at about the same distance.

This observation is related to the idea that visual space is not open but ____ at visible surfaces or, indeed, the sky.

Uexkull and Kriszat (1934) suggested that this is realized as a hard ____, which they call the "farthest plane."

If an observed person or object would ____ beyond this farthest plane, it would no longer be perceived as moving further away, but rather as shrinking in size.

This observation is actually quite common; if looking down from a high tower, for example, cars or even houses on the ground below may appear as if they were toys: that is, shrunk, presumably because they are perceived at the distance of the farthest plane while subtending a visual ____ that corresponds to a larger distance.

The farthest plane would ____ mark the limit of the perception of size constancy.

In both the arts and the sciences, an aesthetics of simplicity facilitates the precise ____ of messages.

Both are ____ fairly systematic.

Although many people believe that art is by definition wild and intuitive, while only science is methodologically disciplined, there is a great deal of evidence ─ including from artists talking about their own practices ─ to suggest that art is often created methodically and systematically, and that frameworks and forms ____ creativity to flow.

Instead of being liberating, freedom without limits is almost paralysing, because without frameworks we end up in a vacuum in which our actions ____ no response.

As the Danish poet and filmmaker Jorgen Leth has put it many times, 'the rules of the game' are a prerequisite for artistic ____.

They provide a solid form or structure that enables the artist to make use of 'the gifts of chance' (to use Leth's expression), and in which a part of the world can be exhibited in a ____ manner.

In order to create beauty, the artist must ____ himor herself.

Cultural storage and transmission require humans to accomplish the work of ____ knowledge and passing it on to the next generation by means other than DNA.

To that end, humans developed techniques of memorization, of transmitting ____ through education and by using external memory devices.

The ____ cave was such a device, a place that humans returned to generation after generation, cooperating on a project that none of them could have accomplished alone.

Each generation of ____ learned techniques and continued the work of previous ones, preserving and improving what their predecessors had worked on.

For us, the idea that humans might work on a single system of caves for thousands of years in the same style is ____ unimaginable.

But these early humans were highly conscious of the ____ of storing and preserving knowledge and of passing down ideas.

What would a ____ be like if it didn't make any simplifications or generalizations?

It ____ be a language in which every word was a proper noun.

Because you don't want to gloss ____ the differences between snakes that are slightly different in some respect, every snake must have its own name.

Furthermore, every event must have ____ own verb, because not every occasion of thinking or dancing or talking is identical.

____ might be some superintelligent race of beings that could know such a language, but they would have to know virtually everything in the world to learn all these names.

Human language has taken a different ____ ─ many fewer names, with a loss of precision, but a basic vocabulary that is readily acquired.

However, this ____ is not simply a compromise with our limited cognitive capacity.

By ____ the same word for different objects, we're communicating information about those things.

Calling two different-looking things "spider" communicates that they probably have eight legs, weave nests, eat insects, and other noticeable details, which we would not know if we gave ____ all their own separate names.

Self-regulation has been suggested as an alternative way to hold the tech industry to ____.

But when ____ lobbyists speak of self-regulation, they are not describing it as it is understood by professionals like doctors.

Unlike in medicine, there are no mandatory ethical qualifications for working as a software engineer or technology ____.

____ is no enforceable industry code of conduct.

There is no obligatory ____.

There is no duty to put the public ____ of profit.

There are few consequences for serious moral failings; no real ____ of being suspended or struck off.

Recent years have seen an explosion of AI ethics charters and the like, filled with well-meaning generalities about the responsible use of ____ computers.

But without consequences for violating them, ____ charters are just toothless statements of aspiration.

The ____ industry is basically saying: trust us.

But blind trust is not how we govern doctors, lawyers, bankers, pilots or anyone else in unelected ____ of social responsibility.

Tech is the ____, and it's not clear why.

We experience emotions as different bodily sensations, such as a beating heart and sweaty palms; we recognize emotions in others by their ____ expressions and behaviour.

One prominent idea is that we are born with a fixed set of ____ emotions that are universal within our species, notably happiness, sadness, fear, surprise, disgust and anger.

Just as we attach the word gravity to our intuitive understanding about how objects move through space, we simply attach words to each of these innate and universal emotions once those words become ____.

An alternative view is that we make sense of the sensations we feel and the facial expressions we ____ only when we attach words to them ─ we develop rather than inherit our emotional concepts.

Key evidence is that ____ are unable to categorise facial expressions as representing different emotions until they have acquired a lexicon of words for emotions.

Before having such words, faces that we might view as angry, sad or fearful are all categorised ____ as 'unpleasant'.

By acquiring the words for different types of emotions while experiencing sensations or observing their expressions in others, we develop a set of concepts into ____ those feelings can be placed.

Everyone likes to ____ of themselves as behaving in an unbiased fashion most of the time.

We ____ view ourselves similar to the blindfolded statue of Lady Justice evaluating competing claims without bias, emotions, or motivations.

And yet, overwhelming psychological research suggests that such unbiased rationality is actually a ____ elusive quality in humans.

Much of the time people are on ____ pilot.

In other words, individuals are acting without ____ more often than they are thinking carefully and deliberately.

The rest of the time, even as ____ are trying their best to think through issues, motivational goals may bias their thought processes and bias their reasoning.

Ziva Kunda, who coined the term "motivated reasoning" to describe this phenomenon, explained that although individuals try to make well-thought-out decisions, use ____ evidence, and look at both sides of an issue, the process is often tainted by motivations that may be unknown to them.

Individuals' motivations may direct them to attend more ____ to some information while ignoring other relevant facts.

Or they may use different strategies to evaluate information they prefer to be correct while at the same time being hypercritical of flaws in information they ____ to be wrong.

It may be assumed that meta-algorithmics, that is, the creation of algorithms that generate other algorithms, is a human creation as ____.

A ____ programmer must have composed the first algorithm that, in turn, generates new algorithms and as such the initial programmer must be in control of the original idea.

____, this is not necessarily true.

Unlike humanly conceived ideas, where the author is the intellectual owner of the idea, algorithms are processes that define, describe, and ____ a series of actions that in turn produce other actions.

During the transfer of actions it is ____ for a discrepancy to occur between the original intention and the actual result.

If that happens then, by definition, the author of the algorithm is not in ____ of, and therefore does not own intellectually from that point on, the resulting process.

Theoretically, ____ of an idea is intrinsically connected to the predictability of its outcome, that is, to its intellectual control.

Therefore, in the absence of human control the ownership of the ____ process must be instead credited to the device that produced it, that is, to the computer.

The new notion of intellectual ownership is created by metaalgorithmics, as algorithms can produce outcomes that are unpredictable to ____ programmers, attributing potentially ownership to the computer itself.

Translating a literary ____ is challenging, and it's often said there will be an inevitable loss in translation.

But that challenge frequently inspires creative re-renderings that offer the ____ of a gain in translation as well.

A washingmachine manual doesn't present the same challenges, nor therefore does it inspire the ____ creativity either.

But where, in terms of the opposition between literary and nonliterary language, might we ____ philosophy's language?

Might ____ want to avoid a translatory economy that aims for a gain in translation but risks a loss?

Philosophy wishes to convey its truths intact, without loss ─ and without gain either, or at least it might hesitate to offer its truths to translation without further ____ of what a gain, and indeed a gain in depth, actually means.

It cannot be a matter of offsetting "stylistic ____."

The loss philosophy ____ is a loss of meaning, the compromising of a truth.

Thus, philosophy might prefer to be placed on the side of nonliterary language, and express itself in unstylish language, like Badiou's mathematical writing, so that no translator is prompted to rude and bold ____ of creative rewriting.

If philosophy wishes to increase ____ range and avoid being restricted to a national or regional tradition, it needs a translation model that conveys philosophical truths to the world without any "economic" fluctuations of loss and gain.