2024년 3월 고2 모의고사 변형 (31-42번)

____ often push themselves to the limits of their physical capabilities.

But that push is misguided if it is directed toward accomplishing ____ physically impossible.

For instance, a tall dancer with long feet may wish to perform repetitive vertical jumps to ____ music, pointing his feet while in the air and lowering his heels to the floor between jumps.

That may be impossible no matter how strong the ____ is.

But a ____ dancer may have no trouble!

Another dancer may be struggling to complete a half­turn in the ____.

Understanding the ____ between a rapid turn rate and the alignment of the body close to the rotation axis tells her how to accomplish her turn successfully.

In ____ of these cases, understanding and working within the constraints imposed by nature and described by physical laws allows dancers to work efficiently, minimizing potential risk of injury.

We ____ explore the relationship between children’s film production and consumption habits.

The term “children’s film” implies ownership by children — their cinema — but films supposedly made for children have always been ____ by audiences of all ages, particularly in commercial cinemas.

The considerable crossover in audience composition for children’s films can be shown by the fact that, in 2007, eleven Danish children’s and youth films attracted 59 per cent of theatrical ____, and in 2014, German children’s films comprised seven out of the top twenty films at the national box office.

This phenomenon corresponds with a broader, international embrace of what is seemingly children’s culture ____ audiences of diverse ages.

The old prejudice that children’s film is some other realm, separate from (and forever subordinate to) a more legitimate cinema for adults is not supported by the realities of consumption: ____ film is at the heart of contemporary popular culture.

Beethoven’s drive to create something novel is a ____ of his state of curiosity.

Our brains experience a sense of reward when we create something new in the process of exploring something uncertain, such as a ____ phrase that we’ve never played or heard before.

When our curiosity ____ to something novel, the resulting reward brings us a sense of pleasure.

A number of investigators have modeled how ____ influences musical composition.

In the case of Beethoven, computer modeling focused on the thirty­two piano sonatas written after age thirteen revealed that the musical patterns found in all of Beethoven’s music decreased in later sonatas, while ____ patterns, including patterns that were unique to a particular sonata, increased.

In other words, Beethoven’s music became less predictable over time as his curiosity drove the exploration of new ____ ideas.

Curiosity is a powerful driver of human ____.

Technologists are always on the lookout for ____ metrics.

Measurable inputs to a model are their lifeblood, and like a social scientist, a technologist ____ to identify concrete measures, or “proxies,” for assessing progress.

This need for quantifiable ____ produces a bias toward measuring things that are easy to quantify.

But simple metrics can take us further away from the important goals we really care about, which may require complicated metrics or be extremely difficult, or perhaps impossible, to reduce to any ____.

And when we ____ imperfect or bad proxies, we can easily fall under the illusion that we are solving for a good end without actually making genuine progress toward a worthy solution.

The problem of proxies results in technologists frequently substituting what is measurable for ____ is meaningful.

As the saying goes, “Not everything that counts can be counted, and not everything that ____ be counted counts.”

We are the only species that seasons its ____, deliberately altering it with the highly flavored plant parts we call herbs and spices.

It’s quite possible that our ____ for spices has an evolutionary root.

Many spices have antibacterial properties — in fact, common seasonings such as garlic, ____, and oregano inhibit the growth of almost every bacterium tested.

And the cultures that make the heaviest ____ of spices — think of the garlic and black pepper of Thai food, the ginger and coriander of India, the chili peppers of Mexico — come from warmer climates, where bacterial spoilage is a bigger issue.

In contrast, the most lightly spiced cuisines — those of ____ and northern Europe — are from cooler climates.

Our uniquely human attention to ____, in this case the flavor of spices, turns out to have arisen as a matter of life and death.

Development of the human body from a single cell provides many examples of the structural richness that is possible when the repeated production of ____ variation is combined with nonrandom selection.

All phases of body development from embryo to adult exhibit random activities at the ____ level, and body formation depends on the new possibilities generated by these activities coupled with selection of those outcomes that satisfy previously built­in criteria.

Always new structure is based on old structure, and at every stage selection favors some ____ and eliminates others.

The survivors serve to produce new ____ that undergo further rounds of selection.

Except in the immune system, cells and extensions of cells are not genetically ____ during development, but rather, are positionally selected.

____ in the right place that make the right connections are stimulated, and those that don’t are eliminated.

This process is ____ like sculpting.

A natural ____ of the strategy is great variability from individual to individual at the cell and molecular levels, even though large­scale structures are quite similar.

In order to ____ the ever­increasing costs of home care for elderly and needy persons under control, managers of home care providers have introduced management systems.

These systems specify tasks of ____ care workers and the time and budget available to perform these tasks.

Electronic reporting systems require home ____ workers to report on their activities and the time spent, thus making the distribution of time and money visible and, in the perception of managers, controllable.

This, in the view of managers, has contributed to the resolution of the ____.

The home care workers, on the other hand, may perceive their work not as a set of separate tasks to be performed as efficiently as possible, but as a service to be provided to a client with whom they ____ have developed a relationship.

This includes ____ conversations with clients and enquiring about the person’s well­being.

Restricted time and the requirement to ____ may be perceived as obstacles that make it impossible to deliver the service that is needed.

If the management systems are too rigid, this ____ result in home care workers becoming overloaded and demotivated.

It is a common assumption that most vagrant birds are ultimately doomed, ____ from the rare cases where individuals are able to reorientate and return to their normal ranges.

In turn, it is also commonly assumed that vagrancy itself is a relatively unimportant ____ phenomenon.

This is undoubtedly true for the majority of cases, as the most likely outcome of any given vagrancy event is that the individual will fail to find enough resources, and/or be exposed to inhospitable environmental conditions, and ____.

However, there are many lines of evidence to suggest that vagrancy can, on rare occasions, dramatically alter the fate of populations, ____ or even whole ecosystems.

Despite being infrequent, these events can be extremely important when viewed at the timescales over which ecological and evolutionary ____ unfold.

The most profound consequences of vagrancy relate to the establishment of new breeding sites, new migration ____ and wintering locations.

____ of these can occur through different mechanisms, and at different frequencies, and they each have their own unique importance.

Intuition ____ be great, but it ought to be hard­-earned.

Experts, for example, are able to think on their feet because they’ve ____ thousands of hours in learning and practice: their intuition has become data-­driven.

Only then are they able to act quickly in accordance with their internalized expertise and evidence-­based ____.

Yet most people are not experts, ____ they often think they are.

Most of us, especially when we interact with others on ____ media, act with expert­-like speed and conviction, offering a wide range of opinions on global crises, without the substance of knowledge that supports it.

And thanks to AI, which ensures that our ____ are delivered to an audience more inclined to believing it, our delusions of expertise can be reinforced by our personal filter bubble.

We have an interesting tendency to find people more open­-minded, rational, and ____ when they think just like us.

The fast­growing, tremendous amount of ____, collected and stored in large and numerous data repositories, has far exceeded our human ability for understanding without powerful tools.

As a ____, data collected in large data repositories become “data tombs” — data archives that are hardly visited.

Important decisions are often made based not on the information–rich data stored in data repositories but rather on a decision maker’s instinct, simply because the decision maker does not ____ the tools to extract the valuable knowledge hidden in the vast amounts of data.

Efforts have been made to develop expert system and ____ technologies, which typically rely on users or domain experts to manually input knowledge into knowledge bases.

However, this procedure is likely to cause biases and ____ and is extremely costly and time consuming.

The widening gap between data and information calls for the systematic development of tools that can ____ data tombs into “golden nuggets” of knowledge.

It’s untrue that teens can focus on ____ things at once — what they’re doing is shifting their attention from one task to another.

In this digital age, teens wire their brains to make these shifts very quickly, but they are still, like everyone else, paying ____ to one thing at a time, sequentially.

Common sense tells us multitasking should increase brain activity, but Carnegie Mellon University scientists using the latest brain imaging technology ____ it doesn’t.

As a matter of fact, they discovered that ____ actually decreases brain activity.

Neither task is done as well as if each were ____ individually.

Fractions of a ____ are lost every time we make a switch, and a person’s interrupted task can take 50 percent longer to finish, with 50 percent more errors.

Turns out the latest ____ research supports the old advice “one thing at a time.”

It’s not that kids can’t do some tasks ____.

But if two tasks are performed at once, ____ of them has to be familiar.

Our brains perform a familiar task on “automatic pilot” while really paying ____ to the other one.

That’s ____ insurance companies consider talking on a cell phone and driving to be as dangerous as driving while drunk — it’s the driving that goes on “automatic pilot” while the conversation really holds our attention.

Our kids may be living in the Information Age but our ____ have not been redesigned yet.