2024년 6월 고3 모의고사 변형 (31-42번)

When ____ to establish what is meant by digital preservation, the first question that must be addressed is: what are you actually trying to preserve?

____ is clear in the analog environment where the information content is inextricably fixed to the physical medium.

In the digital environment, the medium is not part ____ the message.

A bit stream looks the same to a computer regardless of ____ media it is read from.

A physical carrier is necessary, but as long as the source media can be read, bit-perfect copies can be made cheaply and ____ on other devices, making the preservation of the original carrier of diminishing importance.

As the physical media that carry digital information are quite delicate relative to most analog media, it is expected that digital information will necessarily need to be migrated from one physical carrier to another as part of the ongoing ____ process.

It is not the media itself but the ____ on the media that needs to be preserved.

Creativity is commonly defined as the production of ideas that are both novel (original, new) ____ useful (appropriate, feasible).

____ that are original but not useful are irrelevant, and ideas that are useful but not original are unremarkable.

While this definition is widely used in research, an important aspect of creativity is often ignored: Generating ____ ideas rarely is the final goal.

Rather, to successfully solve problems or innovate requires ____ or a few good ideas that really work, and work better than previous approaches.

This requires that people evaluate the products of ____ own or each other's imagination, and choose those ideas that seem promising enough to develop further, and abandon those that are unlikely to be successful.

____ being creative does not stop with idea generation.

In fact, the ability to generate creative ideas is ____ useless if these ideas subsequently die a silent death.

Because the ____ plays a significant role in aiding meaningful internal processes, subjective experience and the environment act as a 'coupled system.'

This coupled system can be seen as a complete ____ system of its own.

In this manner, subjective experience is ____ into the external environment and vice versa; the external environment with its disciplinary objects such as institutional laws and equipment becomes mental institutions that affect our subjective experience and solutions.

A subjectively held belief attains the status of objectivity when the belief is socially ____

That is, even if we are trained as hard-nosed health care rationalists, or no-nonsense bureaucrats, or data-driven scientists, research has shown ____ our decisions are influenced by various institutional practices.

They include bureaucratic structures and procedures, the architectural design of health care institutions, the ____ of evidence and the structure of allowable questions in a courtroom trial, the spatial arrangement of kindergartens and supermarkets, and a variety of conventions and practices designed to manipulate our emotions.

Any attempt to model musical behavior or perception in a ____ way is filled with difficulties.

With regard to models of perception, the question arises of whose perception we are trying to model ― even ____ we confine ourselves to a particular culture and historical environment.

Surely the perception of music varies greatly between listeners of different levels of training; indeed, a large part of music education is ____ to developing and enriching (and therefore likely changing) these listening processes.

While this may be true, I am concerned here with fairly basic aspects of perception ― particularly meter and key ― which I ____ are relatively consistent across listeners.

Anecdotal evidence suggests, for ____ that most people are able to ''find the beat'' in a typical folk song or classical piece.

This is not to say that there is complete uniformity ____ this regard ― there may be occasional disagreements, even among experts, as to how we hear the tonality or meter of a piece.

But I believe the commonalities between us far outweigh the ____

Avian song ____ occurs in two stages: first, songs must be memorized and, second, they must be practiced.

In some species these two events overlap, but in others memorization ____ occur before practice by several months, providing an impressive example of long-term memory storage.

The young bird's initial efforts ____ reproduce the memorized song are usually not successful.

These early songs may have uneven pitch, irregular tempo, and notes that are out of ____ or poorly reproduced.

However, sound graphs of songs recorded ____ several weeks or months reveal that during this practice period the bird fine-tunes his efforts until he produces an accurate copy of the memorized template.

This ____ requires hearing oneself sing; birds are unable to reproduce memorized songs if they are deafened after memorization but before the practice period.

Wildfire is a natural phenomenon in ____ Australian environments.

The intentional ____ of fire to manage the landscape was practised by Aboriginal people for millennia.

However, the pattern of burning that stockmen introduced ____ unlike previous regimes.

When conditions allowed, they would set fire to the landscape as they moved ____ animals out for the winter.

This functioned to clear woody ____ and also stimulated new plant growth in the following spring.

The young shoots were ____ ready food source for their animals when they returned.

However, the practice also tended to reinforce the scrubby growth it ____ intended to control.

Although grasses were the first kinds of plants ____ recolonize the burnt areas they were soon succeeded by further woody plants and shrubs.

About the only strategy to prevent such ____ was further burning ― essentially using fire to control the consequences of using fire.

There ____ a number of human resource management practices that are necessary to support organizational learning.

For example, ____ evaluation and reward systems that reinforce long-term performance and the development and sharing of new skills and knowledge are particularly important.

In addition, the human resource development function may be dramatically changed to keep the emphasis on ____ learning.

In ____ learning organization, every employee must take the responsibility for acquiring and transferring knowledge.

____ training programs, developed in advance and delivered according to a preset schedule, are insufficient to address shifting training needs and encourage timely information sharing.

Rather, human resource development professionals must become ____ facilitators.

Their role should be to assist, consult, and advise teams on ____ best to approach learning.

They must be able to develop new mechanisms for cross-training peers ― team members ― and new ____ for capturing and sharing information.

____ do this, human resource development professionals must be able to think systematically and understand how to promote learning within groups and across the organization.

Environmental taxes based directly on measured emissions can, in principle, be very ____ targeted to the policy's environmental objectives.

If a firm pollutes more, it pays additional tax directly in proportion to the rise in ____

The polluter thus has an incentive to reduce emissions in any manner that is less costly ____ unit of abatement than the tax on each unit of residual emissions.

The great attraction of basing the tax directly on measured emissions is ____ the actions the polluter can take to reduce tax liability are actions that also reduce emissions.

Continuous emissions measurement can be costly, particularly where there are many separate sources of emissions, ____ for many pollution problems this may be a major disincentive to direct taxation of emissions.

Nevertheless, the technologies available for monitoring the concentrations ____ flows of particular substances in waste discharges have been developing rapidly.

In the future, it may be possible to ____ of taxing measured emissions in a wider range of applications.

There are interesting trade-offs in the relative importance of subject ____ (i.e., figure) and style (i.e., background).

In highly representational paintings, plays, or stories, the focus is on subject matter that resembles everyday life and the role ____ background style is to facilitate the construction of mental models.

Feelings of pleasure and uncertainty carry the viewer ____ to the conclusion of the piece.

In highly expressionist works, novel stylistic devices work in an inharmonious manner against the subject matter ____ creating a disquieting atmosphere.

Thus, when the work is less "readable" (or easily interpreted), its departure from conventional forms reminds the viewer or reader that an "aesthetic attitude" is needed ____ appreciate the whole episode.

This active involvement provides a ____ for depth of aesthetic processing and reflection on the meaning of the work.

____ ability to switch between the "pragmatic attitude" of everyday life and an "aesthetic attitude" is fundamental to a balanced life.

There is a tendency, once the dust of an emergency has settled down, to seek the reduction of famine vulnerability primarily in enhanced economic growth, or the revival ____ the rural economy, or the diversification of economic activities.

The potential contribution of greater economic success, if ____ involves vulnerable groups, cannot be denied.

At the same time, it is important ____ recognize that, no matter how fast they grow, countries where a large part of the population derive their livelihood from uncertain sources cannot hope to prevent famines without specialized entitlement protection mechanisms involving direct public intervention.

Rapid growth of the ____ in Botswana, or of the agricultural sector in Kenya, or of food production in Zimbabwe, explains at best only a small part of their success in preventing recurrent threats of famine.

The real achievements of these countries lie in having provided direct public support to their populations ____ times of crisis.

Although economic growth ____ be somewhat fruitful in diminishing a country's risk of famine, direct approaches to helping the affected people play a critical role in this process.

If we understand critical thinking as: 'the ____ and evaluation of evidence to guide decision-making', then ethical thinking is about identifying ethical issues and evaluating these issues from different perspectives to guide how to respond.

This form of ethics ____ distinct from higher levels of conceptual ethics or theory.

The nature of an ethical issue or problem from this perspective is that there ____ no clear right or wrong response.

It is therefore essential that students learn to think through ____ issues rather than follow a prescribed set of ethical codes or rules.

There ____ a need to encourage recognition that, although being ethical is defined as acting 'in accordance with the principles of conduct that are considered correct', these principles vary both between and within individuals.

What a person values relates to their social, religious, or civic beliefs influenced by their formal and ____ learning experiences.

Individual perspectives may also be context dependent, meaning that under different circumstances, at a different time, when they are feeling a different way, the same individual may ____ different choices.

Therefore, in order to analyse ethical issues and think ethically it is necessary to understand the personal factors that influence your own 'code of behaviour' and how these may vary, alongside recognizing and accepting that the factors ____ drive other people's codes and decision making may be different.