2025년 3월 고3 모의고사 변형 (31-42번)

Life ____ insecure and human well-being is fragile.

If we are honest with ourselves, we realize that, despite our best efforts, we often cannot control the ____ of human existence.

We go through life in fear and trembling, fearing ____ may happen, while hoping for the best.

Most of us get anxious ____ the face of an indeterminate or ambiguous situation.

We don't handle uncertainty ____ well.

We are easily tempted to settle for quick "solutions," in order to eliminate our anxiety and doubt, even though these quick fixes may ____ in the long run, actually be adequate solutions.

It ____ natural, therefore, and even somewhat necessary, for us to seek stability in a sea of change and indeterminacy.

We want a fixed star to guide ____ on our journey through hazardous waters.

If only ____ could have knowledge of what is fixed, unchanging, and ultimately reliable, then, we assume, that would be knowledge most worth having.

In one of the most famous passages of Being and Nothingness, "The Look," Jean-Paul Sartre describes the peculiar vulnerability that ____ when someone goes from seeing (being a self with a perspective on the world) to being seen (having to confront the perspective of another on one's self).

He illustrates it with the example of someone looking through a keyhole who suddenly finds ____ caught by someone watching him.

The look of the other is always unnerving, ____ argues, not only because we momentarily recognize ourselves in it through our imagination of their judgment of us but also because we don't.

We can always step back, ____ our perception of others' perceptions of ourselves, or explain them away ─ but we don't know what these perceptions really are.

Others have the distinctive power of making us feel judged in ways we cannot ____ control.

Social life is all about the fear that accompanies our awareness that we can never access ____ the other sees.

We can only ____

Perceived distance of objects that are far away from the observer is often assumed to be subject to some global limitation in the sense that the moon, the stars, and the sun are all perceived ____ the "sky": that is, at about the same distance.

____ observation is related to the idea that visual space is not open but ends at visible surfaces or, indeed, the sky.

Uexkull and Kriszat ____ suggested that this is realized as a hard limit, which they call the "farthest plane."

If an observed person or object would walk beyond this farthest plane, it ____ no longer be perceived as moving further away, but rather as shrinking in size.

This observation is actually quite common; if looking down from a high tower, for example, cars or even houses on the ground below may appear as if they were toys: that is, shrunk, presumably because they are perceived at the distance of the farthest plane while subtending a visual angle ____ corresponds to a larger distance.

The farthest plane ____ thus mark the limit of the perception of size constancy.

In both the arts and the sciences, an aesthetics of simplicity ____ the precise communication of messages.

Both ____ also fairly systematic.

Although many people believe that art is by definition wild and intuitive, while only science is methodologically disciplined, there is a great deal of evidence ─ including from artists talking about their own practices ─ to suggest that art ____ often created methodically and systematically, and that frameworks and forms permit creativity to flow.

Instead of being liberating, freedom without limits ____ almost paralysing, because without frameworks we end up in a vacuum in which our actions generate no response.

As the Danish poet and filmmaker Jorgen Leth has ____ it many times, 'the rules of the game' are a prerequisite for artistic freedom.

They ____ a solid form or structure that enables the artist to make use of 'the gifts of chance' (to use Leth's expression), and in which a part of the world can be exhibited in a non-chaotic manner.

In order to create beauty, the ____ must restrict himor herself.

Cultural storage and transmission require humans to accomplish the work of storing knowledge and passing it ____ to the next generation by means other than DNA.

____ that end, humans developed techniques of memorization, of transmitting knowledge through education and by using external memory devices.

The Chauvet cave was such a device, a place that humans returned to generation after generation, cooperating on a project that none of them could ____ accomplished alone.

Each generation of artists learned techniques and continued the work of previous ones, preserving and ____ what their predecessors had worked on.

For us, the idea that humans might work on a single system of caves for thousands ____ years in the same style is almost unimaginable.

But these early humans were ____ conscious of the importance of storing and preserving knowledge and of passing down ideas.

What would a ____ be like if it didn't make any simplifications or generalizations?

It would be ____ language in which every word was a proper noun.

Because you don't want to gloss over the differences ____ snakes that are slightly different in some respect, every snake must have its own name.

Furthermore, every event ____ have its own verb, because not every occasion of thinking or dancing or talking is identical.

There might be some superintelligent race of beings that could know such a language, but they would have ____ know virtually everything in the world to learn all these names.

____ language has taken a different route ─ many fewer names, with a loss of precision, but a basic vocabulary that is readily acquired.

However, this fact is not simply ____ compromise with our limited cognitive capacity.

By using the ____ word for different objects, we're communicating information about those things.

Calling two different-looking things "spider" communicates that they probably have eight legs, weave nests, eat insects, and other noticeable details, which we would not know if we gave them all their ____ separate names.

Self-regulation has been suggested as an alternative way to hold the tech industry ____ account.

But when tech ____ speak of self-regulation, they are not describing it as it is understood by professionals like doctors.

Unlike in medicine, there are no ____ ethical qualifications for working as a software engineer or technology executive.

There ____ no enforceable industry code of conduct.

There ____ no obligatory certification.

There is no duty to put the public ahead of ____

There are few ____ for serious moral failings; no real fear of being suspended or struck off.

Recent years have seen an explosion of AI ethics ____ and the like, filled with well-meaning generalities about the responsible use of powerful computers.

But ____ consequences for violating them, these charters are just toothless statements of aspiration.

The tech industry is basically saying: trust ____

But blind trust is not how we govern doctors, lawyers, bankers, pilots or ____ else in unelected positions of social responsibility.

Tech is the exception, ____ it's not clear why.

We experience emotions as different ____ sensations, such as a beating heart and sweaty palms; we recognize emotions in others by their facial expressions and behaviour.

One prominent idea is that we are born with ____ fixed set of basic emotions that are universal within our species, notably happiness, sadness, fear, surprise, disgust and anger.

Just as we attach the word gravity to our intuitive understanding about how objects move through space, we simply attach words to each of these innate and universal ____ once those words become available.

An alternative view is that we make sense of the sensations we feel and the facial expressions we see only when ____ attach words to them ─ we develop rather than inherit our emotional concepts.

Key evidence is that children are unable to categorise facial expressions as representing ____ emotions until they have acquired a lexicon of words for emotions.

Before having such ____ faces that we might view as angry, sad or fearful are all categorised together as 'unpleasant'.

By acquiring the ____ for different types of emotions while experiencing sensations or observing their expressions in others, we develop a set of concepts into which those feelings can be placed.

Everyone likes to think of themselves as behaving in ____ unbiased fashion most of the time.

We ____ view ourselves similar to the blindfolded statue of Lady Justice evaluating competing claims without bias, emotions, or motivations.

And yet, overwhelming psychological research ____ that such unbiased rationality is actually a fairly elusive quality in humans.

Much of the time ____ are on automatic pilot.

In other words, individuals ____ acting without reflection more often than they are thinking carefully and deliberately.

The rest of the time, even as individuals are trying their best to think through issues, motivational goals may ____ their thought processes and bias their reasoning.

Ziva Kunda, who coined the term "motivated reasoning" to describe this phenomenon, explained that although individuals ____ to make well-thought-out decisions, use available evidence, and look at both sides of an issue, the process is often tainted by motivations that may be unknown to them.

Individuals' motivations may direct them to attend more carefully to some information while ignoring other relevant ____

Or they may use different strategies to evaluate information they prefer to be ____ while at the same time being hypercritical of flaws in information they prefer to be wrong.

It may be assumed that meta-algorithmics, that is, the creation of algorithms that generate other algorithms, is a human creation ____ well.

A human programmer must have composed the ____ algorithm that, in turn, generates new algorithms and as such the initial programmer must be in control of the original idea.

However, this is not necessarily ____

Unlike humanly conceived ideas, where the author is the intellectual owner of the idea, algorithms are processes that define, describe, and implement a series of ____ that in turn produce other actions.

During ____ transfer of actions it is possible for a discrepancy to occur between the original intention and the actual result.

If that happens then, by definition, the author of the algorithm ____ not in control of, and therefore does not own intellectually from that point on, the resulting process.

Theoretically, ownership of an idea is intrinsically connected ____ the predictability of its outcome, that is, to its intellectual control.

Therefore, in the absence of human control the ownership of the algorithmic process must be instead credited to the device that produced it, that is, ____ the computer.

The new notion of intellectual ownership is created by metaalgorithmics, as algorithms can produce outcomes that are unpredictable to human programmers, attributing potentially ____ to the computer itself.

____ a literary text is challenging, and it's often said there will be an inevitable loss in translation.

But that challenge frequently inspires creative re-renderings that offer the prospect of a gain in translation ____ well.

A washingmachine manual doesn't present the same challenges, nor therefore does it inspire the same creativity ____

But where, in terms of the opposition between literary and nonliterary language, might we position philosophy's ____

Might philosophy want to avoid a translatory economy that aims ____ a gain in translation but risks a loss?

Philosophy wishes to convey its truths intact, ____ loss ─ and without gain either, or at least it might hesitate to offer its truths to translation without further clarification of what a gain, and indeed a gain in depth, actually means.

It cannot be a matter of offsetting ____ losses."

The loss philosophy fears is a loss of meaning, the compromising of a ____

Thus, philosophy might prefer to be placed on the side of nonliterary language, and express itself in unstylish language, like Badiou's mathematical writing, so that ____ translator is prompted to rude and bold acts of creative rewriting.

If philosophy wishes to increase its range and avoid being restricted to a national or regional tradition, it needs a translation model that conveys philosophical truths to the world without any "economic" fluctuations of loss and ____