2023년 3월 고1 모의고사 변형 (31-42번)

People differ in ____ quickly they can reset their biological clocks to overcome jet lag, and the speed of recovery depends on the direction of travel.

Generally, it’s easier to fly westward and lengthen your day than it is to fly eastward and shorten ____

This eastwest ____ in jet lag is sizable enough to have an impact on the performance of sports teams.

____ have found that teams flying westward perform significantly better than teams flying eastward in professional baseball and college football.

A more recent study of more than 46,000 ____ League Baseball games found additional evidence that eastward travel is tougher than westward travel.

If you want the confidence that comes from achieving what you set out to do each day, then it’s important ____ understand how long things are going to take.

Overoptimism about what can be achieved within a certain time frame is ____ problem.

So work on it. Make a practice of estimating the amount of time needed alongside items on your ‘things to do’ list, ____ learn by experience when tasks take a greater or lesser time than expected.

Give attention also to fitting the task to the available ____

There are some tasks that you can only ____ about if you have a significant amount of time available.

There ____ no point in trying to gear up for such a task when you only have a short period available.

So schedule the time you need for the longer tasks and put the short tasks into the spare moments in ____

In ____ Carroll’s Through the LookingGlass, the Red Queen takes Alice on a race through the countryside.

They run and they run, but then Alice discovers that they’re still under ____ same tree that they started from.

The Red Queen explains to Alice: “here, you see, it takes all the running you can do, to keep ____ the same place.”

Biologists sometimes use this Red Queen Effect to explain an ____ principle.

If foxes evolve to run faster so ____ can catch more rabbits, then only the fastest rabbits will live long enough to make a new generation of bunnies that run even faster, — in which case, of course, only the fastest foxes will catch enough rabbits to thrive and pass on their genes.

Even though ____ might run, the two species just stay in place.

Everything in the world around us was finished in the mind of its creator before it ____ started.

The houses we live in, the cars we drive, and ____ clothing, - all of these began with an idea.

Each idea was then studied, refined and perfected before the first nail was driven or the first piece of cloth was ____

Long ____ the idea was turned into a physical reality, the mind had clearly pictured the finished product.

The ____ being designs his or her own future through much the same process.

We begin with an idea about ____ the future will be.

____ a period of time we refine and perfect the vision.

Before long, our every thought, decision and activity are all ____ in harmony to bring into existence what we have mentally concluded about the future.

Whose story it is affects what the ____ is.

Change ____ main character, and the focus of the story must also change.

If we look at the events through another character’s eyes, we will interpret them ____

____ place our sympathies with someone new.

When the conflict arises that is the heart of the story, ____ will be praying for a different outcome.

Consider, for example, how the tale ____ Cinderella would shift if told from the viewpoint of an evil stepsister.

____ with the Wind is Scarlett O’Hara’s story, but what if we were shown the same events from the viewpoint of Rhett Butler or Melanie Wilkes?

In the Old Stone Age, small bands of 20 to 60 people wandered from place to ____ in search of food.

Once people began farming, they could settle down ____ their farms.

____ a result, towns and villages grew larger.

Living in ____ allowed people to organize themselves more efficiently.

They could divide up the ____ of producing food and other things they needed.

While some workers grew crops, others ____ new houses and made tools.

Village dwellers ____ learned to work together to do a task faster.

For example, toolmakers could share the work of making stone axes and ____

By working together, they could make more tools ____ the same amount of time.

Natural processes form minerals in many ____

For example, hot melted rock material, called magma, cools when ____ reaches the Earth’s surface, or even if it’s trapped below the surface.

As magma cools, its atoms lose heat energy, move closer together, and begin ____ combine into compounds.

During this ____ atoms of the different compounds arrange themselves into orderly, repeating patterns.

The type and amount of elements present in a ____ partly determine which minerals will form.

Also, the size of ____ crystals that form depends partly on how rapidly the magma cools.

____ magma cools slowly, the crystals that form are generally large enough to see with the unaided eye.

This is because ____ atoms have enough time to move together and form into larger crystals.

When magma cools rapidly, ____ crystals that form will be small.

In such cases, you can’t easily see ____ mineral crystals.

All carbohydrates are ____ sugars.

Complex carbohydrates are ____ good carbohydrates for your body.

These complex sugar compounds are very difficult to break down and can trap other nutrients like vitamins and minerals in ____ chains.

As they slowly break down, the other nutrients are also released into ____ body, and can provide you with fuel for a number of hours.

Bad carbohydrates, on ____ other hand, are simple sugars.

____ their structure is not complex, they are easy to break down and hold few nutrients for your body other than the sugars from which they are made.

Your body breaks down these carbohydrates rather quickly and ____ it cannot use is converted to fat and stored in the body.

People commonly make the mistaken assumption that because ____ person has one type of characteristic, then they automatically have other characteristics which go with it.

In one study, university students were given descriptions of a guest lecturer before he spoke ____ the group.

Half the ____ received a description containing the word ‘warm’, the other half were told the speaker was ‘cold’.

The guest lecturer then led a discussion, after which the ____ were asked to give their impressions of him.

As expected, there were large differences between the impressions formed by the students, depending upon their ____ information of the lecturer.

It was also found that those ____ who expected the lecturer to be warm tended to interact with him more.

This shows that different expectations not only ____ the impressions we form but also our behaviour and the relationship which is formed.

To ____ decide what’s risky and what’s safe, who’s trustworthy and who’s not, we look for social evidence.

From an evolutionary view, following the group is almost ____ positive for our prospects of survival.

“If everyone’s doing it, it must be a sensible thing to do,” explains famous psychologist and best selling writer ____ Influence, Robert Cialdini.

While we can frequently see this ____ in product reviews, even subtler cues within the environment can signal trustworthiness.

Consider this: when you visit a local restaurant, are ____ busy?

Is there a line ____ or is it easy to find a seat?

It is a hassle to wait, but a line can be a powerful cue that the ____ tasty, and these seats are in demand.

More often ____ not, it’s good to adopt the practices of those around you.

We tend to feel safe and ____ in numbers when we decide how to act, particularly when faced with uncertain conditions.

Chess masters shown a chess board in the middle of a game for 5 seconds ____ 20 to 30 pieces still in play can immediately reproduce the position of the pieces from memory.

Beginners, of course, are ____ to place only a few.

Now take the same pieces and place them on the ____ randomly and the difference is much reduced.

____ expert’s advantage is only for familiar patterns, — those previously stored in memory.

Faced ____ unfamiliar patterns, even when it involves the same familiar domain, the expert’s advantage disappears.

The beneficial effects of familiar structure on memory have been observed for ____ types of expertise, including music.

People with musical training can reproduce short sequences of musical notation more accurately than those with no musical training when notes follow conventional sequences, but the advantage is much reduced when the notes are ____ randomly.

Expertise also improves memory for sequences of ____

Experienced ballet dancers are able to repeat longer sequences of steps ____ less experienced dancers, and they can repeat a sequence of steps making up a routine better than steps ordered randomly.

In each case, memory range is increased by the ability to recognize familiar sequences and ____