2023년 3월 고1 모의고사 변형 (31-42번)

____ differ in how quickly they can reset their biological clocks to overcome jet lag, and the speed of recovery depends on the direction of travel.

Generally, it’s easier to fly westward and lengthen your ____ than it is to fly eastward and shorten it.

This eastwest difference in jet lag is sizable enough to ____ an impact on the performance of sports teams.

Studies have found that teams flying westward perform significantly better ____ teams flying eastward in professional baseball and college football.

A more recent study of more than 46,000 Major League Baseball games found additional ____ that eastward travel is tougher than westward travel.

If you want the confidence that comes ____ achieving what you set out to do each day, then it’s important to understand how long things are going to take.

Overoptimism about what can be ____ within a certain time frame is a problem.

So work on it. Make a practice of estimating the amount ____ time needed alongside items on your ‘things to do’ list, and learn by experience when tasks take a greater or lesser time than expected.

Give ____ also to fitting the task to the available time.

There are some tasks that you can only set about if you have a ____ amount of time available.

There is no point in trying to gear up for ____ a task when you only have a short period available.

So schedule the time you need for the longer tasks and put the short tasks into the spare moments in ____

In Lewis Carroll’s Through the LookingGlass, the Red Queen ____ Alice on a race through the countryside.

They run and they run, but then Alice discovers that they’re still under the same ____ that they started from.

The Red Queen explains to Alice: “here, you see, it takes all the ____ you can do, to keep in the same place.”

Biologists sometimes use this Red Queen ____ to explain an evolutionary principle.

____ foxes evolve to run faster so they can catch more rabbits, then only the fastest rabbits will live long enough to make a new generation of bunnies that run even faster, — in which case, of course, only the fastest foxes will catch enough rabbits to thrive and pass on their genes.

Even though they might run, the two species ____ stay in place.

Everything in the world around us was finished in the mind of its creator ____ it was started.

The houses we live in, ____ cars we drive, and our clothing, - all of these began with an idea.

Each idea was then studied, refined and perfected before the first nail was driven or the first piece of ____ was cut.

Long before the idea was turned into a physical reality, the ____ had clearly pictured the finished product.

The human being designs his or her own future through much the ____ process.

We begin ____ an idea about how the future will be.

Over ____ period of time we refine and perfect the vision.

Before long, our every thought, decision and activity are all working in harmony to bring into existence what we have mentally ____ about the future.

Whose story it is affects what the ____ is.

Change the main character, ____ the focus of the story must also change.

If we look at the events through another character’s eyes, we will ____ them differently.

We’ll place our sympathies ____ someone new.

When the conflict arises that is the heart of the story, we will be praying for a ____ outcome.

Consider, for example, how the tale ____ Cinderella would shift if told from the viewpoint of an evil stepsister.

Gone with the Wind is Scarlett O’Hara’s story, but what if we were ____ the same events from the viewpoint of Rhett Butler or Melanie Wilkes?

In the Old Stone ____ small bands of 20 to 60 people wandered from place to place in search of food.

Once people began farming, they ____ settle down near their farms.

As a result, towns and villages grew ____

Living in communities allowed people to organize ____ more efficiently.

They could divide up the work of ____ food and other things they needed.

While some workers grew crops, others built ____ houses and made tools.

Village dwellers also ____ to work together to do a task faster.

For example, toolmakers could share the work of ____ stone axes and knives.

By working together, they could make more tools ____ the same amount of time.

Natural ____ form minerals in many ways.

For example, hot melted rock material, called magma, ____ when it reaches the Earth’s surface, or even if it’s trapped below the surface.

As magma cools, ____ atoms lose heat energy, move closer together, and begin to combine into compounds.

During this process, atoms of the different compounds arrange themselves into ____ repeating patterns.

The type and amount of elements present in a magma partly ____ which minerals will form.

Also, the size of ____ crystals that form depends partly on how rapidly the magma cools.

When ____ cools slowly, the crystals that form are generally large enough to see with the unaided eye.

This is because the atoms have enough time to ____ together and form into larger crystals.

When magma cools rapidly, the crystals that form ____ be small.

____ such cases, you can’t easily see individual mineral crystals.

All carbohydrates ____ basically sugars.

Complex carbohydrates are the good ____ for your body.

These complex ____ compounds are very difficult to break down and can trap other nutrients like vitamins and minerals in their chains.

As they slowly break down, the other nutrients ____ also released into your body, and can provide you with fuel for a number of hours.

Bad carbohydrates, on the ____ hand, are simple sugars.

____ their structure is not complex, they are easy to break down and hold few nutrients for your body other than the sugars from which they are made.

Your body breaks down these carbohydrates rather ____ and what it cannot use is converted to fat and stored in the body.

People commonly make the mistaken assumption that ____ a person has one type of characteristic, then they automatically have other characteristics which go with it.

In one study, university students were given descriptions of a guest lecturer before he spoke to the ____

Half the students received a description containing the word ‘warm’, the other half were told ____ speaker was ‘cold’.

The guest lecturer then led a discussion, after which the students were asked to give their impressions of ____

As expected, there were large differences between the impressions formed by the students, depending upon their ____ information of the lecturer.

It was also found that those students who expected the ____ to be warm tended to interact with him more.

This shows that different expectations not only affect the impressions we form but also our behaviour ____ the relationship which is formed.

To help decide what’s risky and ____ safe, who’s trustworthy and who’s not, we look for social evidence.

From an evolutionary ____ following the group is almost always positive for our prospects of survival.

“If everyone’s doing it, it must be a sensible thing to do,” explains famous psychologist and best selling writer ____ Influence, Robert Cialdini.

While we can ____ see this today in product reviews, even subtler cues within the environment can signal trustworthiness.

Consider this: when you visit a local restaurant, ____ they busy?

Is there a line outside or is it easy to ____ a seat?

It is a hassle to wait, but a line can be a powerful cue that the food’s tasty, and ____ seats are in demand.

More often than not, it’s good to adopt the practices of ____ around you.

We tend to feel safe and secure in numbers when we ____ how to act, particularly when faced with uncertain conditions.

Chess masters shown a chess board in the middle of a game for 5 seconds with 20 to 30 pieces still ____ play can immediately reproduce the position of the pieces from memory.

Beginners, of course, are able to place only a ____

Now take the same pieces and ____ them on the board randomly and the difference is much reduced.

The expert’s advantage is only for familiar patterns, — ____ previously stored in memory.

Faced with unfamiliar patterns, even when it involves ____ same familiar domain, the expert’s advantage disappears.

The beneficial effects of familiar structure on memory ____ been observed for many types of expertise, including music.

People with musical training can reproduce short sequences of musical notation more accurately than ____ with no musical training when notes follow conventional sequences, but the advantage is much reduced when the notes are ordered randomly.

Expertise ____ improves memory for sequences of movements.

Experienced ballet dancers are able to repeat longer sequences of steps ____ less experienced dancers, and they can repeat a sequence of steps making up a routine better than steps ordered randomly.

In each case, memory range is ____ by the ability to recognize familiar sequences and patterns.