2024년 10월 고2 모의고사 변형 (31-42번)

____ factor that may hinder creativity is unawareness of the resources required in each activity in students' learning.

Often students are ____ to identify the resources they need to perform the task required of them.

Different resources ____ be compulsory for specific learning tasks, and recognizing them may simplify the activity's performance.

For example, it ____ be that students desire to conduct some experiments in their projects.

There must be a prior investigation of whether the students will have access to the laboratory, equipment, and ____ required for the experiment.

It means preparation is vital for the students to succeed, and it may be about human and financial resources such as laboratory technicians, money to purchase chemicals, and equipment for their ____ where applicable.

Even if some of the resources required for a task ____ not be available, identifying them in advance may help students' creativity.

It may even lead to changing the topic, finding alternative resources, and ____ means.

All translators ____ some pressure from the community of readers for whom they are doing their work.

And all ____ arrive at their interpretations in dialogue with other people.

The English poet Alexander Pope had ____ good Greek, but when he set about translating Homer's Iliad in the early 18th century he was not on his own.

He had Greek commentaries to refer to, and translations that had already ____ done in English, Latin, and French ─ and of course he had dictionaries.

Translators ____ draw on more than one source text.

Even when the scene of translation consists of just one person with a pen, paper, and the book that is being translated, or even when it is just one person translating orally for another, that person's linguistic ____ arises from lots of other texts and other conversations.

And then his or her idea of the translation's purpose ____ be influenced by the expectations of the person or people it is for.

In both these senses every translation is a ____ translation.

Some people ____ that there is a single, logically consistent concept known as reading that can be neatly set apart from everything else people do with books.

Is ____ really that simple?

The most productive way to think about ____ is as a loosely related set of behaviors that belong together owing to family resemblances, as Ludwig Wittgenstein used the phrase, without having in common a single defining trait.

Consequently, efforts to distinguish reading from nonreading are destined to fail because ____ is no agreement on what qualifies as reading in the first place.

The more one tries to figure out where the border lies between reading and not-reading, the more edge cases will be ____ to stretch the term's flexible boundaries.

Thus, it is worth attempting to collect together these exceptional forms of reading into a single forum, one highlighting the challenges faced by anyone wishing to establish the boundaries ____ reading begins and ends.

The attempt moves toward an understanding of reading as a spectrum that is expansive enough to accommodate the distinct ____ activities.

Weber's law concerns the perception of difference between ____ stimuli.

It suggests that we might not be able to detect a 1-mm difference when we are looking at ____ 466 mm and 467 mm in length, but we may be able to detect a 1-mm difference when we are comparing a line 2 mm long with one 3 mm long.

Another example of this principle is that we can detect 1 candle ____ it is lit in an otherwise dark room.

But when 1 candle is ____ in a room in which 100 candles are already burning, we may not notice the light from this candle.

Therefore, the Just-noticeable difference (JND) varies as a ____ of the strength of the signals.

For example, the JND is greater for very ____ noises than it is for much more quiet sounds.

When a sound is very weak, we can tell that another sound is louder, even if it is ____ louder.

When a ____ is very loud, to tell that another sound is even louder, it has to be much louder.

Thus, Weber's law means that it is harder to distinguish between two samples when those samples are larger or stronger levels of the ____.

Any new resource (e.g., a new airport, a new mall) always opens with people benefiting individually by sharing a common resource (e.g., the ____ or state budget).

Soon, at some ____, the amount of traffic grows too large for the "commons" to support.

Traffic jams, overcrowding, and overuse lessen the benefits of the common ____ for everyone ─ the tragedy of the commons!

If the new resource cannot be expanded or provided with additional space, it becomes a problem, and you cannot solve the problem on your own, in isolation from your ____ drivers or walkers or competing users.

The total activity on this new resource keeps increasing, and so does individual activity; but if the dynamic of common use and overuse continues too ____, both begin to fall after a peak, leading to a crash.

What makes the "tragedy of commons" tragic is the ____ dynamic ─ the destruction or degeneration of the common resource's ability to regenerate itself.

Theoretically, our brain would have the capacity to store all experiences throughout life, reaching the ____ of a DVD.

However, this theoretical capacity is offset by the ____ demand associated with the process of storing and retrieving information in memory.

As a ____, the brain develops efficient strategies, becoming dependent on shortcuts.

When we observe a face, the visual image captured by the eyes is highly variable, depending on the point of view, lighting ____ and other contextual factors.

Nevertheless, we are able to recognize the face as the same, ____ the underlying identity.

The brain, rather than focusing on the details of visualization, creates and stores general patterns that allow for ____ recognition across diverse circumstances.

This ability to match what we see with general visual memory patterns serves as an effective mechanism for ____ brain performance and saving energy.

The brain, being naturally against unnecessary effort, constantly ____ to simplify and generalize information to facilitate the cognitive process.

Where scientific research is concerned, explanatory tales are expected to adhere closely to experimental data and to ____ the regular and predictable features of experience.

However, this paradigm sometimes conceals the fact that theories are deeply loaded with creative elements that ____ the construction of research projects and the interpretations of evidence.

Scientific ____ do not just relate a chronology of facts.

They construct frameworks for systematically chosen data in order to provide a ____ and meaningful explanation of what is observed.

Such constructions lead us to imagine specific kinds of subject matter in ____ sorts of relations, and the storylines they inspire will prove more effective for analyzing some features of experience over others.

When we neglect the creative contributions of such scientific imagination and treat models and interpretive explanations as straightforward facts ─ even worse, as facts including ____ of reality ─ we can blind ourselves to the limitations of a given model and fail to note its potential for misunderstanding a situation to which it ill applies.

We encounter ____ claims about the relation of literature to action.

Theorists have maintained that literature encourages solitary reading and reflection as the way to engage with the world and ____ counters the social and political activities that might produce social change.

At best it encourages detachment or appreciation of complexity, and at worst ____ and acceptance of what is.

But on the other hand, literature has historically ____ seen as dangerous: it promotes the questioning of authority and social arrangements.

Plato banned poets from his ideal republic because they could only do harm, and novels have long been credited with making people dissatisfied with their lives and eager for ____ new.

By promoting identification across divisions of ____, gender, and race, books may promote a fellowship that discourages struggle; but they may also produce a keen sense of injustice that makes progressive struggles possible.

Historically, works of literature are credited with producing change: Uncle Tom's Cabin, a best-seller in its day, helped create a revulsion against slavery that made possible the ____ Civil War.

According to Hobbes, man is not a being who can act morally in spite of his instinct to protect his existence in the ____ of nature.

Hence, the only place where morality and ____ liberty will begin to find an application begins in a place where a sovereign power, namely the state, emerges.

Hobbes thus describes the state of ____ as a circumstance in which man's life is "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short".

It means ____ people live without a general power to control them all, they are indeed in a state of war.

In other ____, Hobbes, who accepted that human beings are not social and political beings in the state of nature, believes that without the power human beings in the state of nature are "antisocial and rational based on their selfishness".

Moreover, since society is not a natural phenomenon and there is no natural force bringing people together, what will bring them together as a society is not mutual affection according to ____.

It is, rather, mutual fear of ____ present and future that assembles them, since the cause of fear is a common drive among people in the state of nature.

There is research that supports the ____ that cognitive factors influence the phenomenology of the perceived world.

Delk and ____ asked participants to match the color of figures with the color of their background.

Some of the ____ depicted objects associated with a particular color.

____ included typically red objects such as an apple, lips, and a symbolic heart.

Other objects were presented that are not usually ____ with red, such as a mushroom or a bell.

____, all the figures were made out of the same red-orange cardboard.

____ then had to match the figure to a background varying from dark to light red.

They had to make the background color match the ____ of the figures.

The researchers found that red-associated ____ required more red in the background to be judged a match than did the objects that are not associated with the color red.

This implies that the cognitive association of objects to color influences ____ we perceive that color.

In one study, participants chose greater redness when asked to match the color of ____ that are usually red to a background with the same color, which showed that their knowledge about the colors of objects influenced their perceptual judgment.

In each round of genome copying in our body, there is still about a 70 ____ chance that at least one pair of chromosomes will have an error.

With each round of ____ copying, errors accumulate.

This is similar to ____ in medieval books.

Each time a copy was made by ____, some changes were introduced accidentally; as changes stacked up, the copies may have acquired meanings at variance with the original.

Similarly, genomes that have undergone more copying ____ will have gathered more mistakes.

To make ____ worse, mutations may damage genes responsible for error checking and repair of genomes, further accelerating the introduction of mutations.

Most genome ____ do not have any noticeable effects.

It is just like changing the i for a y in "kingdom" ____ not distort the word's readability.

But sometimes a mutation to a human gene results in, for ____, an eye whose iris is of two different colors.

Similarly, almost ____ has birthmarks, which are due to mutations that occurred as our body's cells multiplied to form skin.

If mutations are changes to the genome of one particular cell, how can a ____ of cells in an iris or a whole patch of skin, consisting of many individual cells, be affected simultaneously?

The answer ____ in the cell lineage, the developmental history of a tissue from particular cells through to their fully differentiated state.

If the mutation occurred ____ on in the lineage of the developing iris, then all cells in that patch have inherited that change.