2024년 10월 고2 모의고사 변형 (18-30번)

____ Executive Manager Schulz, It is a week before the internship program starts.

I am writing to bring your attention to ____ matter that requires immediate consideration regarding the issue my department has.

As the coordinator, it ____ becoming apparent to me that the budget, previously approved by your department, needs some adjustments in order to meet the emerging modifications.

Since my department has hired three more interns than planned initially, the most expensive need is for additional funding to cover their wages, training ____ and materials.

I kindly request an additional budget allocation for ____ expenses.

Please refer to the attachment for ____

Thank ____ for your attention.

Katie approached the hotel front desk ____ check-in but an unexpected event unfolded.

The receptionist ____ find her reservation under the name 'Katie'.

____ sorry, but I can't seem to locate a reservation under that name," the receptionist said.

"No way, I definitely made a reservation on the phone," Katie ____ puzzled.

The receptionist asked, "Can you tell me your phone number?" and Katie told it to ____ thinking 'What happened? Did I make a mistake?'

"Just a moment," the receptionist said, typing deliberately on the ____

"I found it! It seems there was ____ small misspelling. Your reservation is under 'K-A-T-Y'," the receptionist explained.

With a sense of ease, Katie watched her ____ appearing on the screen.

With her heart slowing to a gentle rhythm, she proceeded with her ____ thinking that a simple misspelling might have ruined her plans.

To be mathematically literate means to be able to think critically about societal issues on which mathematics ____ bearing so as to make informed decisions about how to solve these problems.

Dealing with such complex problems ____ interdisciplinary approaches, mirroring real-world problems requires innovative ways of planning and organizing mathematical teaching methods.

Navigating our world means being able ____ quantify, measure, estimate, classify, compare, find patterns, conjecture, justify, prove, and generalize within critical thinking and when using critical thinking.

Therefore, making ____ even qualitatively, is not possible without using mathematics and critical thinking.

Thus, teaching ____ should be done in interaction with critical thinking along with a decision-making process.

They can be developed into the mathematical ____ so that there is no excuse to not explicitly support students to develop them.

Imagine that your usually stingy friend delights in buying you a Christmas ____ after taking a generosity booster.

How would you feel? Undoubtedly, there is something praiseworthy ____ the action.

You'd be pleased to ____ the gift.

____ say 'thank you', and mean it.

But his change of heart is not ____ satisfying.

According to Zagzebski, an American ____ he is not really generous.

When we praise ____ character, we use words for various virtues: 'generous', 'kind', 'courageous', etc.

A person who gives one ____ isn't generous.

Instead, generosity is a stable part of a person's 'moral identity', an ____ habit that is part of who you are.

Thus virtues, as ____ to nontypical impulse, are the result of your personal history.

They are part of who you are, as they are part of how ____ character was formed.

____ virtue is therefore impossible.

Popping a pill cannot ____ you a better person.

To determine the mass of my bowling ball, I might put it onto a balance and compare it ____ a known mass, such as a number of metal cubes each weighing 1, 10, or 100 grams.

Things get much more complicated if I want to know the mass of a ____ star.

How do I measure ____

We ____ roughly say that measuring the mass of a star involves various theories.

If we want to measure the mass of a binary star, we first determine a center of mass between the ____ stars, then their distance from that center which we can then use, together with a value for the period and a certain instance of Kepler's Third Law, to calculate the mass.

In other words, in order to " measure" the star mass, we ____ other quantities and use those values, together with certain equations, to calculate the mass.

Measurement is not a simple and unmediated estimation of independently existing properties, but a determination of certain magnitudes before the background of a number of accepted ____

Based on discoveries in neuroscience, pain and pleasure are formed and processed in the same area of ____ brain.

Our bodies constantly strive for homeostasis, which is defined as the balance of ____ functions.

Without the body's effective compensatory mechanisms, which may cushion potential highs and lows, we would not be capable ____ surviving.

Pleasure and pain are like two sides of the same coin; they seem to work together and are heavily reliant on one ____ and keep balance.

If you imagine pleasure and pain as the two opposite points ____ a scale, you can easily understand that as one of the two points rises, the other must correspondingly fall.

We've all ____ the expression, "No pain, no gain."

Well, according ____ psychiatrist Dr. Anna Lembke, there may be some truth to these words.

She says that our attempts to escape being miserable are in ____ making us even more miserable.

This is because pain is actually an essential component of our ability to maintain a neutral state, and allowing it ____ in turn reset our internal scale back to balance.

Manufacturers masterfully sow seeds of doubt about the adequacy of our ____ devices.

Suddenly, the phone that was your lifeline a year ago is now a museum piece, unable to keep pace with ____ digital demands.

And thus, the itch to upgrade ____ often before there's a genuine need.

This cycle ____ just confined to our digital companions.

It spills over into almost every aspect of consumer electronics, from the ____ car to the smart fridge.

Every product seems to be on an unstoppable march towards the next version, the next generation that ____ to revolutionize your life.

What's fascinating, or perhaps disturbing, is the utter efficacy of this cycle in shaping ____ desires.

____ not so much that we want the newest device; we're led to believe we need it.

The distinction between want and need blurs, shifting our financial priorities in favor of staying current with ____

For all the logical arguments against this ceaseless upgrading, the temptation remains ____

The graph above shows the shares of online sales out of total sales by each of five product categories in 2023 and the estimated ones in ____

The shares of all five categories are expected to ____ by 2027 respectively, while not surpassing 50%.

Based on the selected categories, consumer electronics ____ anticipated to show the biggest gap in the share of online sales between 2023 and 2027.

DIY and furniture showed the same share of online sales with 29% in 2023 but the share of DIY online sales is estimated to exceed that of furniture online ____ by 2027.

The share of beauty care online sales was lower than 20% by 2 percentage points in 2023, but ____ estimated to be higher than 20% in 2027.

In 2023, food showed the lowest share ____ online sales among the categories, but that share is projected to more than double by 2027.

Helen Suzman was ____ activist against apartheid, a racist political and social system in the Republic of South Africa.

Suzman was born to Jewish immigrant parents ____ Germiston in the Union of South Africa in 1917.

While working as a lecturer ____ economic history at Witwatersrand University, she joined the South African Institute of Race Relations.

In 1953, she joined the United Party and was ____ to Parliament, but when the United Party adopted a more moderate stance on apartheid, Suzman and other progressive members left it and formed the Progressive Party in 1959.

Suzman tirelessly fought ____ apartheid, exposing the government's abuses and challenging its laws for a total of 36 years in Parliament.

Even after her retirement in 1989, she continued to advocate for ____ multi-racial democracy in the Republic of South Africa and influenced the drafting of the country's new constitution after the end of apartheid.

She remained an active voice for human ____ and democracy until her death in 2009.

Conditioned Place Preference is a way ____ finding out what animals want.

Researchers train them to associate one place with an experience such as food or a loud noise and another place with something ____ different, usually where nothing happens.

The two places are made obviously different to make it as easy as possible for the animal to associate each place ____ what happened to it there.

The animal's preference for being in one place or another is measured both before and after its experiences in the ____ places.

If there ____ a shift in where the animal chooses to spend its time for the reward, this suggests that it liked the experience and is trying to repeat it.

Conversely, if it now avoids the place the stimulus appeared and starts to prefer the place it did not experience it, then this suggests that it ____ the stimulus unpleasant.

For example, mice with cancer show a preference for the place where they have been ____ morphine, a drug used to relieve pain, rather than where they have received saline whereas healthy mice developed no such preference.

This suggests that the mice with cancer wanted ____ morphine.

Near the equator, many species of bird ____ all year round.

But in temperate and polar regions, ____ breeding seasons of birds are often sharply defined.

They are triggered mainly ____ changes in day length.

If all goes well, the outcome is that birds raise their ____ when the food supply is at its peak.

Most birds are not ____ reluctant to breed at other times but they are also physically incapable of doing so.

This is ____ their reproductive system shrinks, which helps flying birds save weight.

The main exception to ____ rule are nomadic desert species.

These can initiate ____ breeding cycle within days of rain.

It's for making the most ____ the sudden breeding opportunity.

Also, ____ species divide the breeding season up in different ways.

Most seabirds ____ a single brood.

In warm regions, however, songbirds may raise several ____ in a few months.

In an exceptionally good year, a ____ of House Sparrows, a kind of songbird, can raise successive broods through a marathon reproductive effort.