2025년 5월 고3 모의고사 변형 (18-30번)

To whom it may concern, The ____ of an additional new road to address the traffic on worn-out Mahogany Road was quite pleasant news for our community.

I pen this letter with the hope ____ the relevant authorities will intervene in regard to an unresolved inconvenience.

I fully agree ____ the toll on Mahogany Road needed to be high in past years, because the road was a single one with lots of traffic and its miserable state required frequent maintenance.

Yet, the road's drivers are still asked to pay $3 each time, and this price is similar to that of the newly built ____ so the traffic jams don't go away as drivers flock to the new road.

For better distribution of traffic, I suggest there be a proper adjustment in price on ____ Road.

I hope the new road can fulfill our needs well as ____

"Please welcome to the ____ Stacy Pan!"

My legs tremble as I step onto ____ stage to narrate a story I wrote.

The spotlight ____ me, and my mind cries out.

Don't mess up. Don't ____ Just keep going.

I adjust the microphone, trying to ignore the fact that hundreds of people are watching ____

I begin, diving straight into ____ story as I have practiced.

____ voice shakes, and I focus on each word, afraid that one misstep will ruin everything.

The room is silent, but I ____ going, word by word.

Finally, I approach the last ____ and deliver it without a single mistake.

There's a moment of ____ before I realize I've finished.

I breathe out, all my tension ____ away.

My chest feels lighter as I step off ____ stage.

It's done, and I ____ fail.

It's ____ joy I feel - just stillness and peace.

AI technology is powerful, and it is transformative, but the AI hype of recent years has contributed to a god complex that positions technology ____ as voices of authority on the societal problems their creations have often caused.

Listening to scientists ____ innovators is important.

But those who ____ profiting from AI hype are not experts on how that work should be judged.

Neither do distinguished computer scientists, no matter how gifted in their field, automatically understand the complex systems of power, money, and politics that will govern the use of ____ products in the future.

In fact, those already living at the frontline of ____ worker surveillance, or trapped in a nightmare of AI decision-making, are far better qualified for that.

So it is critically important for the future of AI that a ____ wider group of people become involved in shaping its future.

Instead ____ continually turning to the architects of AI for predictions of the future and solutions to its ills, the introduction of AI into society requires a broader and more inclusive approach.

The early Earth collided with numerous other masses during its formation; indeed, the ____ is thought to have sustained a massive impact with a Mars-sized body named 'Theia'.

The Moon probably formed from this collision about 100 million years after the ____ of the solar system.

This impact is thought to have knocked the Earth ____ its 'daily' rotational axis so that the Earth now tilts about 23.4' away from its orbital axis around the Sun, although there is a slight 'wobble' of a few degrees.

This 23.4' tilt, as we orbit around the Sun, causes our ____ cycle of the seasons.

During part of the year, the northern hemisphere is ____ towards the Sun (summer) and the southern hemisphere is tilted away (winter).

Six months later, the situation is ____

Critically, the Moon's gravitational pull stabilizes the Earth's axial tilt, moderating ____ degree of wobble.

This has produced a relatively stable climate on Earth for billions of years, and many believe that life on Earth would never have got started without ____ stabilization by the Moon.

To rephrase a song from the 1970s, ____ are all children of the Moon.

Whether or not an observation is evidence for a person depends crucially on what the person is bringing to the table in terms ____ background knowledge.

____ physician sees the Koplik spots as Koplik spots and thereby gains evidence for her belief that the patient is coming down with the measles.

I, a nonexpert, see the same spots, ____ I do not see them as Koplik spots.

Thus, they are not evidence for me, because they don't provide me with good reasons ____ believing that I am confronted with a case of the measles.

Only observations that are seen as this or that can be evidence for (or against) some ____

____ way of putting the same point is this:

During ____ processing of sensory stimuli, we bring ─ often automatically ─ various categories, background knowledge, and similar things, to bear.

Thus, categorized observations ____ what constitutes evidence.

Some might worry ____ we are overintellectualizing evidence.

However, it seems to us that in the empirical ____ unconceptualized experiences hardly ever play a role as evidence.

Some multinational IT companies, which ____ revenue through digital advertising and data collection, have been accused of exploiting loopholes in international tax regimes to shift profits to low-tax territories.

This practice, known as profit shifting, allows corporations to pay ____ taxes in the countries where they operate, depriving governments of critical revenue.

In response, ____ countries have attempted to impose digital services taxes on tech giants, but these efforts have been met with fierce resistance.

Corporations argue that such taxes unfairly target ____ business models, while governments contend that they are necessary to level the playing field and ensure that corporations contribute their fair share to the public good.

These disputes over taxation illustrate the broader challenge that governments face in regulating multinational ____

Meanwhile, traditional regulatory frameworks, designed for ____ businesses, are often ill-equipped to address the complexities of global operations.

As a result, corporations are frequently able to avoid or undermine ____ operating in a legal gray area where national laws cannot easily reach them.

Time denial, rooted in a very human combination of pride and existential dread, is ____ the most common and forgivable form of what might be called chronophobia.

But there are other, more toxic varieties that work together with the ____ harmful kind to create a prevalent, stubborn, and dangerous temporal illiteracy in our society.

We in the twenty-first century would be shocked if an educated adult were unable to ____ the continents on a world map, yet we are quite comfortable with widespread ignorance about anything but the most superficial highlights from the planet's long history: perhaps the Bering Strait, dinosaurs, or Pangaea.

Most humans have no sense of temporal proportion ─ the durations of the great chapters in Earth's history, the rates of change during previous intervals of environmental instability, the intrinsic timescales of "natural ____ like groundwater systems.

As a species, ____ have a childlike disinterest and partial disbelief in the time before our appearance on Earth.

With no appetite for stories lacking humans, many people simply can't be bothered ____ natural history.

Mexican poet and diplomat Octavio Paz was one ____ the chief literary figures of the 20th century.

He was born in Mexico City to a Spanish mother and a Mexican father in ____

He came ____ early contact with literature due to his grandfather's extensive library.

After attending a Roman Catholic school he went to the ____ of Mexico.

____ at university he published his first book of poetry, Forest Moon, in 1933.

On ____ visit to Spain in 1937, he wrote Beneath Your Clear Shadow and Other Poems, which showed him to be a poet of great promise.

From 1962 until 1968, Paz served as Mexico's ____ to India, although he continued writing poetry as well.

After his resignation, he taught briefly at Cambridge University in England and at Harvard University in the United ____

In 1990, Paz won the Nobel Prize ____ Literature, becoming the first Mexican writer to do so.

Working with neuroscientists who use neuroimaging to understand how the human brain works, anthropologist Simon Cohn has shown the extent to which scientists ____ to develop personal, even intimate, relationships with their subjects in order to secure their cooperation.

Only by enlisting subjects in a social relationship, even if briefly, ____ the researchers feel they can depend on the subjects to follow directions to the best of their ability.

Strapped down uncomfortably in a dark, noisy scanner, subjects must nonetheless pay attention and follow directions in order to ____ data the researchers can use.

Before the subjects ever enter the scanner, researchers provide them with reassurance ____ sympathy and share personal experiences, creating a subjective alliance between researcher and subject.

Although these tactics might influence the specific subjective experiences revealed in the scanner, they are carefully eliminated from the experimental reports so that only the signals from ____ brains in response to stimuli in the scanner come to light.

Because we are attuned to the world by being-in-a-mood, ____ world is disclosed to us through our moods but it also influences these moods.

This is relevant to the claim that mood is 'scaffolded' by the environment, where an interaction with the ____ is necessary for the creation of affective states.

In one type of affective scaffolding, one can 'experientially incorporate parts of the world' in the sense that when ____ undergoes certain moods, one experiences certain aspects of the world as part of oneself.

In this case, the way that the world appears is directly dependent ____ the way we are attuned to it through mood.

To give an example 'when I am melancholic it is not just that I feel as though the ____ is grey.

Rather, ____ I am melancholic the world is grey.'

Such a state presupposes the absence ____ a distinction between what is out there and what is in here.

The boundaries between ourselves and the external world seem to disappear such that the mood one is in determines which features of the environment will matter and in ____ way.