2023년 3월 고1 모의고사 변형 (31-42번)

People differ in how quickly they can reset their ____ clocks to overcome jet lag, and the speed of recovery depends on the direction of travel.

____, it’s easier to fly westward and lengthen your day than it is to fly eastward and shorten it.

This eastwest ____ in jet lag is sizable enough to have an impact on the performance of sports teams.

Studies have ____ that teams flying westward perform significantly better than teams flying eastward in professional baseball and college football.

A more recent study of more than 46,000 ____ League Baseball games found additional evidence that eastward travel is tougher than westward travel.

If you want the confidence that comes from achieving what you set out to do each day, then it’s important to understand ____ long things are going to take.

Overoptimism about what can be achieved within a certain ____ frame is a problem.

So work on it. Make a practice of estimating the amount of time ____ alongside items on your ‘things to do’ list, and learn by experience when tasks take a greater or lesser time than expected.

Give attention also to fitting the ____ to the available time.

There are some tasks that ____ can only set about if you have a significant amount of time available.

There is no point in trying to gear up for such a task when you only have a ____ period available.

So schedule the time you need for the longer tasks and put the short ____ into the spare moments in between.

In Lewis Carroll’s Through the LookingGlass, the Red Queen takes Alice on a race ____ the countryside.

They ____ and they run, but then Alice discovers that they’re still under the same tree that they started from.

The Red Queen explains to Alice: “here, you see, it takes ____ the running you can do, to keep in the same place.”

Biologists sometimes use this Red Queen Effect to explain an ____ principle.

If foxes evolve to run faster so they can catch more rabbits, then only the fastest rabbits will live long enough to make a new generation of bunnies that run even faster, — in which ____, of course, only the fastest foxes will catch enough rabbits to thrive and pass on their genes.

____ though they might run, the two species just stay in place.

Everything in the world around us was finished in the mind of its ____ before it was started.

The ____ we live in, the cars we drive, and our clothing, - all of these began with an idea.

Each idea was then studied, refined and ____ before the first nail was driven or the first piece of cloth was cut.

Long before the idea was turned into a physical reality, the mind had clearly pictured the ____ product.

The human being ____ his or her own future through much the same process.

We begin with an ____ about how the future will be.

Over a period of time we refine and ____ the vision.

Before long, our every thought, decision and activity are all ____ in harmony to bring into existence what we have mentally concluded about the future.

____ story it is affects what the story is.

Change the main character, and the focus of the story ____ also change.

If we look at the events through ____ character’s eyes, we will interpret them differently.

We’ll place our sympathies with ____ new.

When the ____ arises that is the heart of the story, we will be praying for a different outcome.

Consider, for example, how the tale of Cinderella would ____ if told from the viewpoint of an evil stepsister.

Gone with the Wind is Scarlett O’Hara’s story, but what if we were shown the same events from the viewpoint of Rhett Butler or ____ Wilkes?

In the Old Stone Age, small bands of 20 to 60 people wandered from place to ____ in search of food.

Once people began farming, they could settle down ____ their farms.

As a ____, towns and villages grew larger.

Living in ____ allowed people to organize themselves more efficiently.

They could divide up the work of producing ____ and other things they needed.

While some workers grew crops, ____ built new houses and made tools.

Village dwellers also learned to work together to do a ____ faster.

For example, toolmakers ____ share the work of making stone axes and knives.

By working together, they could make more tools in the same amount of ____.

Natural processes ____ minerals in many ways.

For ____, hot melted rock material, called magma, cools when it reaches the Earth’s surface, or even if it’s trapped below the surface.

As magma ____, its atoms lose heat energy, move closer together, and begin to combine into compounds.

During this process, atoms of the different compounds arrange themselves into orderly, ____ patterns.

The type and amount of elements present in a magma partly ____ which minerals will form.

Also, the size of the crystals that form ____ partly on how rapidly the magma cools.

When magma cools ____, the crystals that form are generally large enough to see with the unaided eye.

This is because the atoms have enough time to move together and form ____ larger crystals.

When magma cools rapidly, the crystals that form ____ be small.

In such cases, ____ can’t easily see individual mineral crystals.

All carbohydrates are ____ sugars.

____ carbohydrates are the good carbohydrates for your body.

These complex sugar compounds are very ____ to break down and can trap other nutrients like vitamins and minerals in their chains.

As they slowly break down, the ____ nutrients are also released into your body, and can provide you with fuel for a number of hours.

Bad carbohydrates, on the other hand, are simple ____.

Because their structure is not complex, they are easy to ____ down and hold few nutrients for your body other than the sugars from which they are made.

Your body breaks down these carbohydrates rather quickly and what it ____ use is converted to fat and stored in the body.

People commonly make the mistaken assumption that because a person has one type of characteristic, then they automatically have other ____ which go with it.

In one study, university students were given descriptions of a guest ____ before he spoke to the group.

____ the students received a description containing the word ‘warm’, the other half were told the speaker was ‘cold’.

The guest lecturer then led a discussion, after which the students were asked to give their ____ of him.

As ____, there were large differences between the impressions formed by the students, depending upon their original information of the lecturer.

It was also found that those students who expected the lecturer to be warm tended to ____ with him more.

This shows that different expectations not only affect the impressions we ____ but also our behaviour and the relationship which is formed.

To ____ decide what’s risky and what’s safe, who’s trustworthy and who’s not, we look for social evidence.

From an ____ view, following the group is almost always positive for our prospects of survival.

“If everyone’s doing it, it must be a sensible ____ to do,” explains famous psychologist and best selling writer of Influence, Robert Cialdini.

While we can frequently see this today in product reviews, even subtler cues ____ the environment can signal trustworthiness.

Consider this: when you visit a local restaurant, are they ____?

Is there a line outside or is it ____ to find a seat?

It is a hassle to wait, but a line can be a powerful cue that the ____ tasty, and these seats are in demand.

More often than not, it’s good to adopt the ____ of those around you.

We tend to feel safe and secure in numbers when we ____ how to act, particularly when faced with uncertain conditions.

Chess masters shown a chess board in the middle of a game for 5 seconds with 20 to 30 pieces still in play can immediately reproduce the position of the ____ from memory.

Beginners, of ____, are able to place only a few.

Now take the same pieces and place them on the ____ randomly and the difference is much reduced.

The expert’s ____ is only for familiar patterns, — those previously stored in memory.

____ with unfamiliar patterns, even when it involves the same familiar domain, the expert’s advantage disappears.

The beneficial effects of familiar structure on memory have been observed for many types of expertise, ____ music.

____ with musical training can reproduce short sequences of musical notation more accurately than those with no musical training when notes follow conventional sequences, but the advantage is much reduced when the notes are ordered randomly.

Expertise also improves ____ for sequences of movements.

Experienced ballet dancers are ____ to repeat longer sequences of steps than less experienced dancers, and they can repeat a sequence of steps making up a routine better than steps ordered randomly.

In ____ case, memory range is increased by the ability to recognize familiar sequences and patterns.